Design and development of surface unmanned vehicle (SUV) system mechanism and vessel by Joannes Niegel, Mekiun

“…A remote-operated unmanned vehicle is able to carry out the task more economically and efficiently with unmanned features. …”
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Characterize the mechanical properties of selected type of coastal plastic waste by Mohd Hafiz, Ismail

“…Human are heavily dependent on the sea for economic and sources of high-protein food.In the past 10 years,coastal plastic pollution has extremely increased and this circumstance may affect human healthiness,difficulties to marine activities,and decreasing of quality of seawater.Not only plastic is made from a non-renewable resource,but it is generally a non-biodegradable material which made biodegradation process is very slow.Due to that recycling of coastal plastic waste is one of possible measures to be taken to tackle this issue.However,because of long exposure to the seawater and direct sunlight,the mechanical properties of coastal plastic waste would differ from the commercial plastic.The objectives of this study are to characterize mechanical properties of coastal plastic waste and compare the mechanical properties of coastal plastic waste with the commercial plastic and to analyse the differences of mechanical properties between coastal plastic waste and commercial plastic.Four types of common plastic; Polypropylene (PP),Polyethylene (PE),Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET),and Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC)are used as samples.These samples are collected,cleaned,and sorted according to type of plastics before being shredded.Then samples is melted and formed into a continuous profile via extruder and palletized into pallet-size samples.Next, samples are moulded into desired shape in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard and tested utilizing Universal Testing Machine (UTM).From all results obtained,the mechanical properties for all type of coastal plastic wastes differ from mechanical properties of commercial plastic.This is due to the presence of salt in seawater and also direct sunlight towards the plastic waste which lead to degradation.It is recommended that other type of plastics should be used as samples and other mechanical properties should be studied in order to differentiate properties of coastal plastic waste and commercial plastic precisely.…”
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Construction of coconut shell column for the enhancement of expansive soil by Ng, Jun Shen, Muzamir, Hasan, Nurrul Nisya, Anuar

“…Conclusively, the positive results of shear strength improvements were yielded by the utilization of coconut shells and proved that it was practical and economical.…”
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Making an eco friendly board by using lignin- soy based natural adhesive by Ema Farima, Rustam Ali Khan

“…The wood composite industry in Malaysia comprises of 12 MDF and 10 particleboard plants with an installed capacity of about 5 million tons per year.The total production capacity is approx 2.5 million cubic ton.Most of the MDF boards are exported to US,Europe and Asian market.At present formaldehyde based adhesive such as urea formaldehyde(UF) and phenol formaldehyde(PF)is used as the binder.The main problem with these adhesives is continuous emission of formaldehyde vapors that are carcinogenic in nature.A number of developed countries have put ban on the import of these boards.The objective of this research is to modify the lignin content of wood fibers by using soy flour which is available in Malaysia.This modified lignin based adhesive is expected to replace the use of artificial resins like UF and PF and because of commonly available soy flour it will be economical and eco friendly.The fiberboards were prepared from three different adhesives, which are urea formaldehyde (UF) resins, natural adhesive (lignin) and protein-lignin based adhesives.Hot pressing at constant temperature 180ºC and pressure 2MPa within 4 minutes pressing was done to form the boards.For each board were tested for mechanical properties including modulus of rupture (MOR),thickness swelling (TS) and internal bond strength (IB).Results showed that SF,lignin,acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium hydroxide were all essential components for the adhesive and the SF: lignin:CH3COOH weight ratio of 3:75:10 with pH 11 resulted in the highest value of MOR, IB strength and water resistance. …”
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Prediction of grinding machining parameters of ductile cast iron using water based zinc oxide nanoparticle by Mohd Sabarudin, Hj Sulong

“…Response surface modeling (RSM) is practical, economic and relatively easy for use. The experimental data was utilized to develop the mathematical model for first- and second order model by regression method. …”
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Gas flow network analysis in putrajaya residential area using cox method by Sharifah Rahimah, Wan Mahdi

“…This paper presents a gas flow network analysis in Putrajaya residential area which focusing on natural gas pipeline due to its economical advantages.Increasing demand of natural gas makes the distribution pipeline network becomes more and more complex.Pressure drop occurs in pipeline during the transportation especially for the existing pipeline when the capacity of pipeline increases. …”
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Adsorption of methylene blue and ferrous ion from aqueos solution using coconut husk by Nur Farah Azura, Ab Rahim

“…Meanwhile, the removals of ferum (ii)from FeSO4 are 31.2 – 80.8 % respectively.The study is economically feasible and it is proven to be favorable.The results show that coconut husk could be employed effective and low cost material for removal of ferum(ii)and dyes from aqueous solution.…”
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Modification of coir fiber as polymer reinforcement by Mohd Aizuddin, Ab Razak

“…The conclusion that have been made is the alkali treatment have been successfully done and renewable fibers like coir can be used as reinforcing materials for low cost composites,due to the economic and environmental advantages of such materials.…”
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The contextual factors in the recognition of commercialization opportunity among Malaysian public universities researchers by Kamisah, Kormin

“…Malaysia is striving to achieve the status of a high income and developed nation as envisioned by Vision 2020, where innovation plays an ever-increasing and important role to sustain a rapid rate of economic growth,enhance international competitiveness.The Government has taken various initiatives to support technology commercialization in Malaysian Public Universities such as the allocation of huge funding for Research and Development(R&D)activities. …”
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Molecular Dynamic Simulation of the Patchouli Oil Extraction Process by Fatmawati, Adam, Siti Hana, A. B., M. M., Yusoff, Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin

“…Patchouli is a plant which is native in Malaysia. It is an economic crop, planted for its essential oil. Patchouli oil has a characteristic woody scent and is used commercially as an ingredient in fragrance and cosmetic products. …”

Comparative Study of AHP and ANP on Multi-Automotive Suppliers with Multi-Criteria by Azizi, Amir, Razieh, Maleki

“…Five criteria, which are involved in this study, are: response to changes, flexibility, competency, economical optimization, and speed. The related sub-criteria are identified by industrial experts and Delphi method. …”
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Solar Cell System Design for Mechanical Cooling System on the Ferry 500 GT by Danny, Faturachman, Shariman, Mustafa, Yoseph, Arya Dewanto, Muswar, Muslim

“…Electrical energy is very instrumental in our capability to carry out various economic activities. Electric energy can be produced from a variety of sources. …”
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Adsorption Study of Fructosyltransferase Immobilization By Using Various Adsorbent by Nor Hazwani Syuhada, Azmi

“…Immobilized enzyme are widely used in the industry because of its stability and economic. Because of the high demand from the industry, the research is done in order to enhance the quality of immobilized enzyme. …”
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Development of membrane anaerobic system (MAS) for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment by Nor Shafiqah, Mohd Nasir

“…This industry contributes towards economic growth and rapid development but unfortunately as well as environmental issues. …”
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Kinetic Study on Ammonia-N Removal using Soil Mixed Culture by N., Zainol, Suryati, Mohd Mokhtar

“…The ammonia-N is a very toxic substance that can cause mortality to poultry. An effective and economical solution to reduce ammonia-N in poultry manure wastewater is needed. …”
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The effect of using quarry dust as a sand replacement material on compressive strength of concrete / by Muhamad Shyamir Al Amar , Muhamad Tobib

“…Otherwise, in such a situation the quarry dust can be an economic alternative to the river sand. quarry dust can be defined as residue, tailing or other non-voluble waste material after the extraction and processing of rocks to form fine particles less than 4.75mm. …”
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Effectiveness of concrete strength using artificial fine aggregates from palm oil disposal waste product by Muhammad Ilyas , Mohd Junaidi

“…Meanwhile, the practise of abundantly available materials to replace normal aggregates in concrete for structural purposes would prove to be economical. Laterite is a ferruginous, vesicular, unstratified and porous material with yellow ochre's due to the presence of high iron content. …”
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Extraction of antioxidant compounds from red pitaya using soxhlet extraction method by Wan Nurul Zahida, Wan Abdul Jalil

“…The fruits of Hylocereus cacti, known as red pitaya, have recently drawn much attention of growers worldwide, not only because of their red-purple colour and economic value as food products, but also for their antioxidant compounds especially Vitamin C. …”
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Study on the corrosion of carbon steel pipe upon different type of soils by Heng, Cheng Liang

“…Pipelines are one of the economical ways to transport large quantities of fluids such as natural gas, oil and others. …”
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Influence of temperature and heating rates on calcination of waste cockle shells to calcium oxides by Nur Atifah, Ahmad Kamil Saraidin

“…The utilisation of the economic resources of waste bio-minerals from blood cockle shells is expected to promote the commercial application of the resulting calcium oxides. …”
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