MicroRNAs with Multiple Targets of Immune Checkpoints, as a Potential Sensitizer for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Treatment by Huiling Zhou, Wentao Jia, Lingeng Lu, Rui Han

“…This review aims to ignite enthusiasm to explore the application of miRNAs with multiple targets of immune checkpoint molecules, in combination with ICIs for treating breast cancer.…”
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Autocrine regulation of cell proliferation by estrogen receptor-alpha in estrogen receptor-alpha-positive breast cancer cell lines by Pan Zhongzong, Zhong Yili, Tan Huining

“…<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) is essential for mammary gland development and is a major oncogene in breast cancer. Since ERα is not colocalized with the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 in the normal mammary glands and the majority of primary breast tumors, it is generally believed that paracrine regulation is involved in ERα mediated cell proliferation. …”
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Effects of neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiotherapy plus adebrelimab and chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: A pilot study by Guanglei Chen, Xi Gu, Jinqi Xue, Xu Zhang, Xiaopeng Yu, Yu Zhang, Ailin Li, Yi Zhao, Guijin He, Meiyue Tang, Fei Xing, Jianqiao Yin, Xiaobo Bian, Ye Han, Shuo Cao, Chao Liu, Xiaofan Jiang, Keliang Zhang, Yan Xia, Huajun Li, Nan Niu, Caigang Liu, On behalf of the Northeastern Clinical Research Alliance of Oncology (NCRAO)

“…Background: Emerging data have supported the immunostimulatory role of radiotherapy, which could exert a synergistic effect with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). With proven effective but suboptimal effect of ICI and chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we designed a pilot study to explore the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) plus adebrelimab and chemotherapy in TNBC patients. …”
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Targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy in patients with breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma with axillary lymph node metastasis of metaplastic SCC by Rilan Bai, Lin Jia, Yangyang Gao, Xu Sun, Naifei Chen, Zheng Lv, Jiuwei Cui

“…Their homology was clarified by comparing the gene mutation results of the two lesions, that is, the axillary lymph node lesion was a metastasis of breast metaplastic SCC. We treated the patient with Poly ADP‐ribose Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and found that she could achieve clinical benefit from the combination regimen. …”
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Characterization of immune checkpoints expression and lymphocyte densities of iranian breast cancer patients; the co-expression status and clinicopathological associates by Mohammadhossein Pournabee, Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi, Pooyesh Esmaeili, Pouya Mahdavi Sharif, Fatemeh Nili, Behnaz Jahanbin

“…Finally, a sizable proportion of breast cancers co-express PD-L1 and LAG-3, which will make them appropriate targets for future combined ICIs.…”
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Lymphocyte-activating gene 3 expression in tumor cells predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor response in triple negative breast cancer by Ji-Yeon Kim, Ji-Yeon Kim, Jeehyun Kim, Eun Yoon Cho, Yeon Hee Park, Yeon Hee Park, Jin Seok Ahn, Jin Seok Ahn, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Young-Hyuck Im, Young-Hyuck Im, Young-Hyuck Im

“…IntroductionImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is one of the standard treatment strategies in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). …”
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Abscopal Effect of Radiotherapy Enhanced with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in 4T1 Mammary Carcinoma Model by Haa-Na Song, Hana Jin, Jung-Hoon Kim, In-Bong Ha, Ki-Mun Kang, Hoon-Sik Choi, Ho-Jin Jeong, Min-Young Kim, Hye-Jung Kim, Bae-Kwon Jeong

“…Mice were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (1) control (no treatment with RT or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)), (2) RT alone, and (3) RT+ICI. The same RT dose was prescribed in both RT-alone and RT+ICI groups as 10Gy/fx in two fractions and delivered to only one of the two tumor burdens injected at both sides of flanks. …”
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PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Can Long Noncoding RNAs Be Associated? by Carolina Mathias, Vanessa Nascimento Kozak, Jessica Maria Magno, Suelen Cristina Soares Baal, Victor Henrique Apolonio dos Santos, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca Ribeiro, Daniela Fiori Gradia, Mauro Antonio Alves Castro, Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira

“…In this sense, from the generated data, we evidence here two lncRNAs, UCA1 and HCP5, which have not yet been identified in the context of the tumoral immune response in breast cancer. These candidates can be further explored to verify their use as biomarkers for ICI response. …”
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NLRP3 as Putative Marker of Ipilimumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity in the Presence of Hyperglycemia in Estrogen-Responsive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Vincenzo Quagliariello, Michelino De Laurentiis, Stefania Cocco, Giuseppina Rea, Annamaria Bonelli, Antonietta Caronna, Maria Cristina Lombari, Gabriele Conforti, Massimiliano Berretta, Gerardo Botti, Nicola Maurea

“…Hyperglycemia, obesity and metabolic syndrome are negative prognostic factors in breast cancer patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, achieving unprecedented efficacy in multiple malignancies. …”
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CISH Expression Is Associated with Metastasis-Free Interval in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Refines the Prognostic Value of PDL1 Expression by Laurys Boudin, Alexandre De Nonneville, Pascal Finetti, Geoffrey Guittard, Jacques A. Nunes, Daniel Birnbaum, Emilie Mamessier, François Bertucci

“…Strategies are being explored to increase the efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD1/PDL1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), including combination with therapies inhibiting intracellular immune checkpoints such as CISH (Cytokine-induced SH2 protein). …”
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Immune checkpoints expression patterns in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer predict prognosis and remodel the tumor immune microenvironment by Jinguo Zhang, Jinguo Zhang, Hongwei Jin, Hongwei Jin, Hongwei Jin, Shuaikang Pan, Shuaikang Pan, Chaoqiang Han, Qingqing Sun, Qingqing Sun, Qingqing Sun, Xinghua Han, Xinghua Han, Xinghua Han

“…BackgroundCurrently, targeting immune checkpoint molecules holds great promise for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the expression landscape of immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) in TNBC remains largely unknown.MethodHerein, we systematically investigated the ICGs expression patterns in 422 TNBC samples. …”
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Troglitazone-Induced PRODH/POX-Dependent Apoptosis Occurs in the Absence of Estradiol or ERβ in ER-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Sylwia Lewoniewska, Ilona Oscilowska, Thi Yen Ly Huynh, Izabela Prokop, Weronika Baszanowska, Katarzyna Bielawska, Jerzy Palka

“…It suggests that combined TGZ and antiestrogen treatment could be considered in experimental therapy of estrogen receptor negative breast cancers.…”
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Spatial Profile of Tumor Microenvironment in PD-L1-Negative and PD-L1-Positive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Liubov A. Tashireva, Anna Yu. Kalinchuk, Tatiana S. Gerashchenko, Maksim Menyailo, Anna Khozyainova, Evgeniy V. Denisov, Vladimir M. Perelmuter

“…So, the absence of specific immune reactions against the tumor, predominance of pro-tumor microenvironment, and rare contact between PDL1 and PD1-positive cells may be the potential reasons for the lack of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) effect in triple-negative breast cancer patients.…”
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A review of recent advances on single use of antibody-drug conjugates or combination with tumor immunology therapy for gynecologic cancer by An-Jin Wang, An-Jin Wang, An-Jin Wang, Yang Gao, Yang Gao, Yang Gao, Yu-Ying Shi, Yu-Ying Shi, Yu-Ying Shi, Meng-Yuan Dai, Meng-Yuan Dai, Meng-Yuan Dai, Hong-Bing Cai, Hong-Bing Cai, Hong-Bing Cai

“…However, due to the low ICI responsive rate for the gynecologic cancer, ICI two-drug combination therapy tends to be a predominant way for clinical treatment. …”
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Editorial: Community series in immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, and esophageal cancer, volume II by Yueyi Li, Yusha Wang, Jinsheng Gao, Jinsheng Gao, Keqin Tan, Benjamin Frey, Udo S. Gaipl, Hubing Shi, Hubing Shi, Xuelei Ma

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Identification of a claudin-low subtype in clear cell renal cell carcinoma with implications for the evaluation of clinical outcomes and treatment efficacy by Cuijian Zhang, Cuijian Zhang, Cuijian Zhang, Yifan Li, Yifan Li, Yifan Li, Jinqin Qian, Jinqin Qian, Jinqin Qian, Zhenpeng Zhu, Zhenpeng Zhu, Zhenpeng Zhu, Cong Huang, Cong Huang, Cong Huang, Zhisong He, Zhisong He, Zhisong He, Liqun Zhou, Liqun Zhou, Liqun Zhou, Yanqing Gong, Yanqing Gong, Yanqing Gong

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The Combination of Immune Checkpoint Blockade with Tumor Vessel Normalization as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Breast Cancer: An Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Studies by Ombretta Melaiu, Gianluca Vanni, Ilaria Portarena, Chiara Adriana Pistolese, Lucia Anemona, Silvia Pomella, Roberto Bei, Oreste Claudio Buonomo, Mario Roselli, Alessandro Mauriello, Giovanni Barillari

“…Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a modest clinical activity when administered as monotherapy against breast cancer (BC), the most common malignancy in women. …”
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Integrative analysis identifies cancer cell-intrinsic RARRES1 as a predictor of prognosis and immune response in triple-negative breast cancer by Zhengheng Yu, Hongjin Liu, Jingming Ye, Yinhua Liu, Ling Xin, Qian Liu, Yuanjia Cheng, Lu Yin, Ling Xu

“…Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. …”
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Inhibition of glycolysis-driven immunosuppression with a nano-assembly enhances response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in triple negative breast cancer by Xijiao Ren, Zhuo Cheng, Jinming He, Xuemei Yao, Yingqi Liu, Kaiyong Cai, Menghuan Li, Yan Hu, Zhong Luo

“…Abstract Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are promising modalities for treating triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). …”
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Low level of ARID1A contributes to adaptive immune resistance and sensitizes triple‐negative breast cancer to immune checkpoint inhibitors by Xin‐Yu Chen, Bin Li, Ye Wang, Juan Jin, Yu Yang, Lei‐Huan Huang, Meng‐Di Yang, Jian Zhang, Bi‐Yun Wang, Zhi‐Ming Shao, Ting Ni, Sheng‐Lin Huang, Xi‐Chun Hu, Zhong‐Hua Tao

“…Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) shed new light on triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), but only a minority of patients demonstrate response. …”
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