Detecting cancer from cell-free DNA sequencing fragmentation patterns Bằng Chen, L

“…Cell-free DNA(cfDNA) represents all non-encapsulated DNA circulating freely in the human circulatory system, which usually exists in the form of wrapping around nucleosomes in the circulating system. …”

Characterisation of the changing genomic landscape of metastatic melanoma using cell free DNA Bằng Cutts, A, Venn, O, Dilthey, A, Gupta, A, Vavoulis, D, Dreau, H, Middleton, M, McVean, G, Taylor, J, Schuh, A

“…We identify de novo tumour-specific somatic mutations from cell-free DNA, while the sequence context of single nucleotide variants showed the characteristic UV-damage mutation signature of melanoma. …”

Platelets sequester extracellular DNA, capturing tumour-derived and free foetal DNA Bằng Murphy, L

Multimodal cell-free DNA whole-genome TAPS is sensitive and reveals specific cancer signals Bằng Vavoulis, DV, Cutts, A, Thota, N, Brown, J, Sugar, R, Rueda, A, Ardalan, A, Howard, K, Matos Santo, F, Sannasiddappa, T, Miller, B, Ash, S, Liu, Y, Song, C, Nicholson, BD, Dreau, H, Tregidgo, C, Schuh, A

DNA methylation in late-stage oesophageal cancer Bằng Xie, P

“…DNA methylation can also be peripherally detected in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which showed promises in early detection of cancer and disease monitoring. …”

Development of a rapid, small-scale DNA repair assay for use on clinical samples. Bằng Diggle, C, Bentley, J, Kiltie, A

“…A NHEJ assay has previously been reported which measures joining using cell-free extracts and a linearised plasmid as DNA substrate. …”

DNA double strand break repair in human bladder cancer is error prone and involves microhomology-associated end-joining. Bằng Bentley, J, Diggle, C, Harnden, P, Knowles, M, Kiltie, A

“…Junctions were repaired in the same manner in MO59K extracts in which accurate NHEJ was inactivated by inhibition of Ku70 or DNA-PK(cs). These data indicate that bladder tumour extracts are unable to perform accurate NHEJ such that error-prone joining predominates. …”

Characterising peripheral responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors Bằng Cooper, R

“…</p> <p>There is emerging evidence to show that the circulating monocyte population has a prognostic and predictive role in the context of ICB, but this has yet to be fully characterised. Circulating-cell free DNA (cfDNA) is derived predominantly from leukocytes, but in patients with cancer may comprise circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA). …”

Searching for cancer biomarkers in the human epigenetic landscape Bằng Jackson, F

“…I collate a comprehensive set of genome-wide tissue-informative markers from public data, then use these markers to perform deconvolution of cell-free DNA, obtained from liquid biopsy of cancer patients. …”

Targeting interstrand crosslink repair to improve chemotherapeutic strategies Bằng Castle, L

“…</p> <p>Previous studies have suggested ICL repair occurs chiefly in S-phase when DNA replication forks collide with ICLs. However, recent research in budding yeast, using Xenopus cell-free extracts and using genetic reporter assays in mammalian cells suggests that ICL repair can occur in the G1 phase of the cell cycle via the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and translesional synthesis (TLS) pathways. …”

Multi-cancer early detection test in symptomatic patients referred for cancer investigation in England and Wales (SYMPLIFY): a large-scale, observational cohort study Bằng Nicholson, BD, Oke, J, Virdee, PS, Harris, DA, O'Doherty, C, Park, JES, Hamady, Z, Sehgal, V, Millar, A, Medley, L, Tonner, S, Vargova, M, Engonidou, L, Riahi, K, Luan, Y, Hiom, S, Kumar, H, Nandani, H, Kurtzman, KN, Yu, L-M, Freestone, C, Pearson, S, Hobbs, FR, Perera, R, Middleton, MR

“…<p><b>Background</b></p> Analysis of circulating tumour DNA could stratify cancer risk in symptomatic patients. …”