Should civil servants be given leeway to be active in politics by Borneo Post, (KK)

“…KUALA LUMPUR: The issue of whether civil servants should be given a free rein to engage in politics has always drawn much polemics.…”
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2x20 Gbps - 40 GHz OFDM Ro-FSO transmission with mode division multiplexing by Amphawan, Angela, Chaudhary, Sushank, Chan, V. W. S.

“…Radio-over-Free-Space-Optics (Ro-FSO) is a promising technology for future wireless networks.In this work, we have designed a hybrid orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) Ro-FSO system for transmission of two independent channels by mode division multiplexing.Two independent 40 GHz radio signals are optically modulated at 20Gbps by mode division multiplexing of two laser modes LG00 and LG10 and transmitted over a free-space link of 20 km to 100 km. …”
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A targeted mobile advertisement using Wi-Fi technology for shoppers using mobile devices by Fredrik, E.J.Thomson

“…The emergence of wireless and mobile networks has made possible the introduction of electronic commerce to a new application and research subject: mobile commerce.This paper will be mainly focused for the shoppers who likes to shop and looking for an easy way to shop plus save their time and also money.This proposed system is suitable for users who have mobile devices such as Pocket PC, Smart phones and Laptops enabled with Wi-Fi technology integrated with Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).When a shopper enters any shopping complex they can review the list of latest promotion that is going on in that particular shopping complex that they have entered through the Pocket PC.This would help them to compare the price and also saves their time in shopping at unnecessary shop.This message will be sent through the Wi-Fi communication technology, where the shoppers who are around 100 meters near to the server (Transmitter).After the mobile device users has login into the system, the server would send the appropriate promotion message and products information depends past shopping history of that particular customer.This message would be free and will benefit even the shopkeepers. This proposed system would be helpful to the shoppers and also the shopkeepers.The shoppers can easily compare the prices for each shop and shop at the right place. …”
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Media, liberty and politics in Malaysia: Comparative studies on local dynamics and regional concerns by Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin

“…Media, Liberty and Politics in Malaysia: Comparative Studies on Local Dynamics and Regional Concerns is based on a collection of twelve academic papers.This book traces the development and progress of Malaysia as a nation that embraces issues of media, liberty and politics as essential parts of its culture, policy and well-being of the people.In between the 2008 and the 2013 General Elections, Malaysians have transformed themselves and demanded to form a more democratic society. Issues of political freedom, human rights, good governance and human dignity have become important and will determine the future of the Malaysian society.Besides, this book also tries to compare democratic practices in Malaysia with its neighbours such as Indonesia, Thailand and Australia, plus the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as an organisation to promote democratisation and strong ties between its members.This book is suitable for all particularly the academics, students of politics and international relations, journalists, legal practitioners, and the general public who are interested in the issues of media, liberty and politics in Malaysia.…”

The Malay political economy - A brief historical review by Omar, Affifudin

“…This paper attempts to show that during periods of immense increase in national wealth, Malay rulers throughout history became too engrossed with nonproductive activities and living leisurely and enjoying hedonistic lives;to enable this they farmed out to selected individuals, particularly foreigners, the back-breaking job of management and administration of the economies. Concessions were freely distributed to foreigners, thus marginalizing many of the local elites as well as the masses, resulting in mass poverty, banditries and piracies.It was during the economic booms of the Srivijaya, and to large extent the Majapahit and Malacca empires that piracies proliferated.And it was also during these booms that the empires fell. …”
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The impact modernisation of land administration on two Malay classes in Kedah, 1909-1941 by Mohd Rus, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin, Nordin, Nurizwanfaizi

“…As the author focused on land in regards to the free market economy, any dualistic policy that existed among the Perak Malays was not highlighted.In 1985, Ahmad Nazri Abdullah published his research topic “Melayu dan Tanah”.This study focuses on the formation and implementation of the Malay Reservations Enactment since it was passed in 1913.Ahmad Nazri Abdullah’s research focuses on the Malays residing in the Federated Malay States (FMS).The main theme of this study is the issue of formation and enforcement of the Malay Reservations Enactment. …”
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The Philippine view of the first Hari Merdeka as reported in Philippine newspapers by de Viana, Augusto V.

“…It is the most widespread holiday in the country and it is called as Hari Merdeka (Day of Freedom) or Hari Kebangsaan (National Day) in the Malay language.On this day in 1957 the territories in the Malayan Union which were all located in the Malay Peninsula formed themselves as the Federation of Malaya.That federation was first created in 1948.The federation became independent on August 31, 1957.Later on September 16, 1963, Malaya would be joined with Sarawak, North Borneo (now Sabah) and Singapore to form Malaysia.Two years later Singapore would leave the federation of Malaysia to form the independent Republic of Singapore.The independence of new states especially those in the Southeast Asian region are given frontpage and editorial attention by Philippine newspapers like the Manila Times and the Manila Daily Bulletin.The independence of former colonies is viewed in the context of the postwar era when decolonization was taking place around the world.Some countries achieved their independence after a period of armed struggle such as in the case of Indonesia and Vietnam.Others gain it through a gradual process such as in Malaya and the Philippines.The Philippines and Malaysia share a common experience in gaining their independence from their colonizers.Both achieved it through a gradual and negotiated process and they share the same problems of a communist insurgency and the lingering influence of their former colonizers.The Philippine interest in the emerging new nation of Malaya has geographical, ethnic and historical bases.Located in the Southeast Asian region, Malaya including the territories still under British protection is practically a neighbor of the Philippines.Majority of the Malay inhabitants are ethnically related to the Filipinos who are separated only by means of colonial accident and difference in religion.Historically events in the Philippines and Malaya affect each other.The royal houses in Sulu and Mindanao are linked to some of the royal families in Johore and in Singapore. …”
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The Malay society in Singapore: 1824-1941 by Sheikh Jaffar, Nabila

“…The Malay society in Singapore has experienced change and modernization after the founding of Singapore by Sir Stamford Raffles in 1819.The Malays ceased to have a vital role in the island following the cession of Singapore in 1824 and slowly fall into the background.With no leader or authoritative figure, they had no choice but to meet up with the challenge and strive in existence with other races.In 1826, Singapore, together with Penang and Malacca were grouped together under the Straits Settlements and governed under the East India Company.The island attracted many merchants and traders worldwide due to its free trade policy started by Raffles. Commercial growth was extraordinary high but even so, the government could not make enough fortune to maintain the wellbeing of the island.With the expound of commerce, there were an influx of groups of people from neighbouring countries especially from China.Malays from the Malay Peninsular and neighbouring islands like Sumatra, Java, Bawean and Riau migrated to Singapore due to high job opportunities. …”
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7 will of the Malay Kings: An analysis on the history and Malaysian constitution by Adam, Ramlah

“…On 5th of August 2011, Raja Nazrin Shah, the Crown Prince of Perak had reminded the people regarding the Will of the Malay Kings, which were written when they unanimously signed their support in favoring the independence of Malay Land Federation on the 31st of August 1957.These will by itself was an evidence of their attention on the future of their people in a free country.This will, however, had never been exposed to the public as a reminder.This is because the Monarchy institution had been accepted undisputedly as a ruling and governing body, as well as the social culture of the people.However, with the latest development, the status of the Malay Kings is mentioned wrongly in the modern as well as social media, thus jeopardizing their rightful status. …”
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Newspaper as source of history: A case study of daily “Zamindar” of Maulana Zafar Ali Khan by Suleman, Zahida

“…The paper was absolutely free from exaggeration.3In1870, he started Risala-Tahzib-Ul-Akhlaq Both the newspapers proved themselves a source of history at that time.Twentieth century is known for the political development and awareness of the Muslims of India The Muslims established a political partyin 1906 in the name of All India Muslim League and the Muslim leadership started trying to protect the rights of Muslims of India. …”
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Fungsi tajau konvensional dalam masyarakat Iban di Rumah Panjang Daerah Sibu, Sarawak by Anggo, Fujica, Abu Bakar, Rohana

“…Selain itu, tajau mempunyai sebutan lain iaitu disebut sebagai benda.Keunikan seni warisan dan budaya di Sarawak merupakan suatu aset yang berharga yang diwariskan secara turun temurun daripada nenek moyang terdahulu.Keunikan tersebut memberikan kesan positif dalam kekayaan lambang masyarakat beretnik di Malaysia.Tajau merupakan salah satu lambang seni warisan dan kebudayaan yang terdapat di negeri Sarawak.Tajau ialah sebuah tempayan besar yang diperbuat daripada tanah liat (Kamus Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2008).Penghayatan penggunaan tajau dalam kebudayaan masyarakat Iban terdahulu di bumi Sarawak amat jelas dan memberi impak makna yang mendalam kepada amalan gaya hidup masyarakat tersebut.Hal ini jelas terbukti apabila tajau merupakan salah satu koleksi yang wajib terdapat di dalam setiap penghuni rumah panjang masyarakat Iban di Sarawak.Secara umum, objek-objek yang terhasil daripada tanah liat yang berupa tembikar dan pinggan mangkuk telah lama menjadi amalan masyarakat di beberapa tempat di Malaysia.Amalan yang mempunyai nilai seni ini telah wujud sejak zaman Neolitik (Zakaria Ali 1989, ms.146-147) dan juga merupakan salah satu nilai seni yang tertua di dunia selepas kewujudan zaman Batu.Benedict Sandin (1980), menyatakan bahawa setiap pintu bilik pasti ada menyediakan rak khas untuk meletakkan tajau, tabak (dulang logam), kendi pinang (telapak pinang),tawak,gong, engkerumong, bebendai,(gendang) tanduk rusa dan barangan pakaian tradisional lengkapdi perkarangan ruang tamu mereka.Tajau dianggap sebagai simbol harta warisan secara turun-temurun yang telah terkumpul daripada generasi masa lalu sehingga masa sekarang.Pendapat ini juga disokong oleh pengkaji Derek Freeman (1957), iaitu "hampir setiap rumah panjang Iban mengandungi plat lama yang berharga dan mangkuk, tetapi ia adalah dalam balang (Tajau) yang paling menarik akan diambil". …”
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Propaganda akhbar Filipina dalam isu tuntutan Filipina ke atas Sabah: Kesan terhadap hubungan luar dan proses pembentukan Malaysia, 1962-1963 by Kadir, Norizan

“…Pada 20 Januari 1962, masyarakat di Kepulauan Nusantara khususnya Tanah Melayu dan Borneo telah dikejutkan dengan satu artikel yang bersifat provokatif yang diterbitkan oleh Philippine Free Press.Artikel yang bertajuk North Borneo is Ours yang ditulis oleh Napoleon G. …”
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Pandangan golongan dewasa di daerah-daerah terpilih negeri Kedah terhadap hak kebebasan bersuara by Omar, Rusdi, Mohd Sani, Mohd Azizuddin, Teoh, Ai Hua

“…The result of this study indicated that the people of Kedah are in favour ofa greater freedom of speech without any obstruction by thegovernment through legislative controls. …”
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Performance analysis of FSO with haze attenuation consequence acclimatize in tropical rainforest environment by Mohammad, Zuliyana, Anuar, M. S., Aljunid, S. A., Rahman, A. K., Rashidi, C. B. M., A Bakar, M.S.

“…Free Space Optic (FSO) is an attractive link communication due to its outstanding capability to fulfil rapid demands in today’s technology era. …”
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The impact of microcredit program on women empowerment: Evidence from Bangladesh by Nessa, Tasqurun, Ali, Jamal, Abdul Hakim, Roslan

“…The empowerment of women is one of crucial development issues.This is due to the fact that women appear to form the largest of the poor and vulnerable group.In this regards, microcredit program has been argued to be potentially effective as a tool for poverty alleviation and lifting the poor, particularly women, out of poverty.The impact of microcredit program, however, is not limited to improving income of poor women.What is more important is that microcredit program has received widespread recognition as a viable strategy for empowerment of women, i.e. greater capabilities, choices and freedom in decision making.The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of microcredit program on women empowerment.Towards this end, we perform regression analysis based on a sample of 600 poor women in eight districts of Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh.Five dimensions of empowerment are used to arrive at an aggregate index of empowerment.These dimensions are: (a) economic decision making, (b) household decision making, (c) freedom of movement, (d) ownership of property, and (e) political and social awareness.The aggregate measure of empowerment is regressed against the explanatory variables, which is participation in microcredit program as well as other control variables. …”
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Efficiency of foreign banks: Evidence from selected (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) ASEAN countries by Chan, Sok-Gee, Abd Karim, Mohd Zaini

“…This study examined foreign banks efficiency in selected ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand) for the period of 2001 to 2008 by using the parametric stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) approach.The results indicate that foreign banks originating from developed countries are more cost and profit efficient as compared to foreign banks from developing countries.The results also show that foreign banks in Malaysia are the most cost and profit efficient while foreign banks in Indonesia are the least.The result is consistent with the difference in index of economic freedom over the years between the countries studied.Hence, to attract foreign banks into the ASEAN countries, authorities should liberalize their banking sector.Less restrictive banking sector will allow healthy competition between foreign and local banks in the developing countries resulting in higher overall banking industry efficiency.…”
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Optical vortices in wavelength division multiplexed passive optical networks by Amphawan, Angela, al-Nadesh, Yousef Ali Fazea, Nisar, Kashif

“…This important property makes optical vortices ideal for exciting higher-order modes where manufacturing defects in the multimode fiber core such as tips and dips are less dominant and modes have closer propagation times.This research presents the application of VCSEL arrays for the independent transmission of parallel data streams over optical vortices in multimode fiber to increase the degrees of freedom in a FTTH WDM-PON. VCSEL arrays are selected for multiplexing optical vortices in WDM-PONs as they are tunable, compact, individually addressable and inexpensive. …”

Preservice teachers’ acceptance of learning management software: An application of the UTAUT2 model by Raman, Arumugam, Don, Yahya

“…Moodle also known as Learning Management System is freely available to educators. Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) encourages students and instructors to utilize the teaching and learning process. …”
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The role of microcredit in promoting women’s entrepreneurship skills: Lesson from Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM), Malaysia by Misnan, Siti Noor Shamilah, Abdul Manaf, Halimah, Othman, Pazim@Fadzim

“…For these people, microcredit provides an alternative source of credit and offering collateral-free loans. Previous studies shown that microcredit has changed the socio-economic of the participant in increasing empowerment, entrepreneur skills, transformational thinking and a desire to improve get out from poverty.The finding presented here provided the empirical evidence and augment previous research on the factor role of microcredit in promoting women’s entrepreneurship skills and the effectiveness of AIM in encourage women to venture into the world of entrepreneurship.…”
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Women contributions to open source software innovation: A social constructivist perspective by Mahmod, Musyrifah, Mohd Yusof, Shafiz Affendi, Md Dahalin, Zulkhairi

“…The popularity of Open Source Software (OSS) is increasing as a platform for modern software innovation with the prominent concept of “freedom”. Freedom in OSS innovation is similar to freedom of speech not in term of price.However, less than 2% of the contributors are women in OSS innovation. …”
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