Environment and scheduling effects on sprint and middle distance running performances. by Amal Haïda, Frédéric Dor, Marion Guillaume, Laurent Quinquis, Andy Marc, Laurie-Anne Marquet, Juliana Antero-Jacquemin, Claire Tourny-Chollet, François Desgorces, Geoffroy Berthelot, Jean-François Toussaint

“…The objective of this study is to analyse the performance achieved in professional sprint and middle-distance running events (100 m to 1500 m) depending on the organization of the annual calendar of track events and their environmental conditions. …”
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CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AND EVENT DIFFERENCES IN ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES by ALPAY GÜVENÇ, TAHİR HAZIR, ÜMİD KARLI, ALPER ASLAN, CANER AÇIKADA

“…Event-specific groups were composed of Group 1 (middle-long distance runners) and Group 2 (sprinters, throwers, jumpers). …”
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Relative age effects in elite Brazilian track and field athletes are modulated by sex, age category, and event type by Lucas Savassi Figueiredo, Drumond Gilo da Silva, Bruno Henrique Góes Oliveira, Arthur Gomes Ferreira, Petrus Gantois, Fabiano de Souza Fonseca

“…Abstract Aim: This study investigated the Relative Age Effect (RAE) in Brazilian track and field athletes based on sex, age category (U-16, U-18, U-20, U-23 and senior), and event type (sprints/hurdles, middle distance, long-distance, jumps, throws). …”
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Effects of 4-week Training Using Laboratory Index on Competition Record of Elite Female Middle-distance Runner: A Case Report by Sang-Hyun Lee, Su-Jin Kim, Young-Sik Kim, Chang-Sun Kim, Hyo-Bum Kwak, Ju-Hee Kang, Dong-Ho Park

“…PURPOSE To investigate the effect of a 4-week training using a laboratory index on the competition record of elite female middle-distance runners. METHODS A female, middle-distance, trained runner with the following characteristics: age, 20 years; height, 168.7 cm; weight, 64.3 kg; 27.2% fat; and VO2max, 56.4 VO2 mL/kg/min; volunteered to participate in this study. …”
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Risk factors for overuse injuries in a cohort of elite Swedish track and field athletes by Andreas Lundberg Zachrisson, Andreas Ivarsson, Pia Desai, Jon Karlsson, Stefan Grau

“…The cohort consisted of elite male and female track and field athletes competing in either middle- and long-distance running, sprinting, jumping, or throwing events (n = 96). …”
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Following a Long-Distance Classical Race the Whole-Body Kinematics of Double Poling by Elite Cross-Country Skiers Are Altered by Chiara Zoppirolli, Chiara Zoppirolli, Lorenzo Bortolan, Lorenzo Bortolan, Federico Stella, Federico Stella, Gennaro Boccia, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Federico Schena, Federico Schena, Barbara Pellegrini, Barbara Pellegrini

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A Smart Sensor Grid to Enhance Irrigation Techniques in Jordan Using a Novel Event-Based Routing Protocol by Maher Ali Al Rantisi, Glenford Mapp, Orhan Gemikonakli

“…In order to meet these challenges, a Smart Grid that supports a robust, reactive, event-based routing protocol is developed using Ad hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) as a starting point. …”
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Performance in youth track and field is associated with birth quartile. A register-based study among athletes in Norway from 10 years to senior level. by Hilde Gundersen, Anette Harris, Halvard Grendstad, Morten Kristoffersen, Atle Guttormsen, Terje Dalen, Cecilie Brekke Rygh

“…Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of RAE in Norwegian track and field athletes in events where physical capacity is important for success.…”
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Does Advanced Footwear Technology Improve Track and Road Racing Performance? An Explorative Analysis Based on the 100 Best Yearly Performances in the World Between 2010 and 2022 by Steffen Willwacher, Patrick Mai, Janina Helwig, Markus Hipper, Burkay Utku, Johanna Robbin

“…There is a direct evidence that distance running in AFT improves running economy. In addition, there is indirect evidence from competition performance for improved running performance from using AFTs in middle- and long-distance running and sprinting events. …”
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Self-Reported Periodization of Nutrition in Elite Female and Male Runners and Race Walkers by Ida Aliisa Heikura, Ida Aliisa Heikura, Trent Stellingwerff, Louise Mary Burke, Louise Mary Burke

“…Differences according to sex, event (middle-distance [800 m/1500 m] vs. track-distance [3000 m-10000 m] vs. road-distance [marathon/race walks]), caliber (high [major championship qualifier] vs. lower), and training volume (low/moderate/high male and female tertiles) were analyzed using Chi-square test or Kruskal–Wallis Test and indicated statistically different when p ≤ 0.05. …”
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Evolutionary diversification of cryophilic <it>Grylloblatta </it>species (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) in alpine habitats of California by Roderick George K, Schoville Sean D

“…Low elevation populations are sister to alpine populations, suggesting alpine populations may track expanding glacial ice sheets and diversify as a result of multiple glacial advances. …”
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Consecutive Dual-Vortex Interactions between Quadruple Typhoons Noru, Kulap, Nesat and Haitang during the 2017 North Pacific Typhoon Season by Yuei-An Liou, Ji-Chyun Liu, Chung-Chih Liu, Chun-Hsu Chen, Kim-Anh Nguyen, James P. Terry

“…Kulap weakened and merged with Noru, which tracked in a counter-clockwise loop. Thereafter, in spite of a distance of 2000&#8722;2500 km separating Typhoon Noru and newly-formed Typhoon Nesat, the influence of middle air flows and jet flows caused an &#8216;indirect interaction&#8217; between these typhoons. …”
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Synoptic Analysis of Rainfall in Atrak and Gorganroud Basins (39 Pervasive Rainfall) Dr. Mohammad Baaghideh Assistant Professor of Natural Geography...

“…Refrences 1-Jahanbakhsh S, Zolfaghari H.(2001), The Synoptic Patterns of Daily Precipitation in West of Iran, Geographical Research, No. 36. 2-Arabi Z,(2006), Synoptic Analysis of Precipitation in 12-17 July 1999 Period, in Iran, Geography Researchs, No. 56.  3-Alijani B,(1987), Relation Between Cyclone Tracks and Upper Level Flow Patterns in the Middle East, Geographical Research, No.4.    4-Alijani B. ( 1993), Ascent Mechanism of Precipitations in Iran Journal of Literature Faculty of Humanities and Science Teacher Training University in Tehran,No.1 5-Alijani B. ( 2002), Synoptic Climatology, Samt Press. 6-Alijani B. …”
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