Vector Graph Assisted Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Using an Unconstrained Smartphone by Jiuchao Qian, Ling Pei, Jiabin Ma, Rendong Ying, Peilin Liu

“…Given the fact that step length is influenced by different motion states, an adaptive step length estimation algorithm based on motion recognition is developed. …”
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Smartphone-Based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning for 3D Indoor Positioning by Jijun Geng, Linyuan Xia, Jingchao Xia, Qianxia Li, Hongyu Zhu, Yuezhen Cai

“…Indoor localization based on pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) is drawing more and more attention of researchers in location-based services (LBS). …”
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Tracking and positioning using dead reckoning system and ubiquitous wireless signal by Wong, Yong Zheng.

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Dead-reckoning animal movements in R: a reappraisal using Gundog.Tracks by Richard M. Gunner, Mark D. Holton, Mike D. Scantlebury, O. Louis van Schalkwyk, Holly M. English, Hannah J. Williams, Phil Hopkins, Flavio Quintana, Agustina Gómez-Laich, Luca Börger, James Redcliffe, Ken Yoda, Takashi Yamamoto, Sam Ferreira, Danny Govender, Pauli Viljoen, Angela Bruns, Stephen H. Bell, Nikki J. Marks, Nigel C. Bennett, Mariano H. Tonini, Carlos M. Duarte, Martin C. van Rooyen, Mads F. Bertelsen, Craig J. Tambling, Rory P. Wilson

“…Periodic ground-truthing with aligned location data (e.g., from global positioning technology) can correct for this drift between Verified Positions (VPs). We present step-by-step instructions for implementing Verified Position Correction (VPC) dead-reckoning in R using the tilt-compensated compass method, accompanied by the mathematical protocols underlying the code and improvements and extensions of this technique to reduce the trade-off between VPC rate and dead-reckoning accuracy. …”
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A Novel Indoor Localization Method Based on Image Retrieval and Dead Reckoning by Jiuchao Qian, Yuhao Cheng, Rendong Ying, Peilin Liu

“…PDR (Pedestrian Dead Reckoning) is a low-cost and independent indoor localization method, estimating position of pedestrians independently and continuously. …”
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A Novel Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Algorithm for Multi-Mode Recognition Based on Smartphones by Limin Xu, Zhi Xiong, Jianye Liu, Zhengchun Wang, Yiming Ding

“…In this paper, in order to improve the accuracy of the traditional step detection and step length estimation method for different users, a state transition-based step detection method and a step length estimation method using a neural network are proposed. …”
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A Low-Cost and Efficient Indoor Fusion Localization Method by Suqing Yan, Chunping Wu, Honggao Deng, Xiaonan Luo, Yuanfa Ji, Jianming Xiao

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PDR algorithm for precise positioning of underground personnel based on LSTM personalized step size estimation by GUO Qianqian, CUI Lizhen, YANG Yong, HE Jiaxing, SHI Mingquan

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Low-complexity online correction and calibration of pedestrian dead reckoning using map matching and GPS by Fabian Hölzke, Johann-P. Wolff, Frank Golatowski, Christian Haubelt

“…Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) applies this concept to walking persons. …”
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Improving Indoor Pedestrian Dead Reckoning for Smartphones under Magnetic Interference Using Deep Learning by Ping Zhu, Xuexiang Yu, Yuchen Han, Xingxing Xiao, Yu Liu

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Grid-Based Bayesian Filtering Methods for Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Indoor Positioning Using Smartphones by Miroslav Opiela, František Galčík

“…Indoor positioning systems for smartphones are often based on Pedestrian Dead Reckoning, which computes the current position from the previously estimated location. …”
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Deep Learning Applications in Vessel Dead Reckoning to Deal with Missing Automatic Identification System Data by Atefe Sedaghat, Homayoon Arbabkhah, Masood Jafari Kang, Maryam Hamidi

“…To deal with false or missing AIS records, two methods, dead reckoning and machine learning techniques, are employed to anticipate the trajectory of the vessel in the next time steps. …”
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Deep Neural Network-Based Fusion Localization Using Smartphones by Suqing Yan, Yalan Su, Jianming Xiao, Xiaonan Luo, Yuanfa Ji, Kamarul Hawari Bin Ghazali

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An Adaptive Human Activity-Aided Hand-Held Smartphone-Based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Positioning System by Bang Wu, Chengqi Ma, Stefan Poslad, David R. Selviah

“…Pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR), enabled by smartphones’ embedded inertial sensors, is widely applied as a type of indoor positioning system (IPS). …”
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A Pedestrian Dead Reckoning System Integrating Low-Cost MEMS Inertial Sensors and GPS Receiver by Jin-feng Li, Qing-hui Wang, Xiao-mei Liu, Shun Cao, Feng-long Liu

“…The simple but effective step detection and step length estimation method are realized to reduce the computation and memory requirements on the microprocessor. …”
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A Context-Aware Smartphone-Based 3D Indoor Positioning Using Pedestrian Dead Reckoning by Boshra Khalili, Rahim Ali Abbaspour, Alireza Chehreghan, Nahid Vesali

“…Various methods are available for indoor positioning, among which pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) requires no infrastructure. However, with this method, cumulative error increases over time. …”
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Research on improved PDR algorithm for underground personnel positioning by SUN Yanxin, MAO Shanjun, SU Ying, YANG Meng

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Multi-Information Fusion Indoor Localization Using Smartphones by Suqing Yan, Chunping Wu, Xiaonan Luo, Yuanfa Ji, Jianming Xiao

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Improved Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Based on a Robust Adaptive Kalman Filter for Indoor Inertial Location System by Qigao Fan, Hai Zhang, Peng Pan, Xiangpeng Zhuang, Jie Jia, Pengsong Zhang, Zhengqing Zhao, Gaowen Zhu, Yuanyuan Tang

“…In order to realize the accurate positioning of pedestrians in a closed environment, an improved pedestrian dead reckoning algorithm, mainly including improved step estimation and heading estimation, is proposed in this paper. …”
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PEDESTRIAN DEAD RECKONING USING SMARTPHONES SENSORS: AN EFFICIENT INDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEM IN COMPLEX BUILDINGS OF SMART CITIES by E. Saadatzadeh, A. Chehreghan, R. Ali Abbaspour

“…This paper proposes an indoor positioning method using Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) based on the detection of the mode of the user’s smartphone. …”
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