Enhanced biodiesel production via esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using rice husk ash (NiSO4)/SiO2 catalyst

Waste or low-cost feedstock utilization for preparing renewable energy is a noble effort towards a greener environment. In this work, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), which is usually transacted at a concession rate versus crude palm oil, is esterified to methyl esters. Conventional catalysts are...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nurul Hajar, Embong, Noor, Hindryawati, Prakash, Bhuyar, Govindan, Natanamurugaraj, Mohd Hasbi, Ab Rahim, Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/34021/1/57%29%202021%20App%20Nanosci%20PFAD.pdf