Ion exchange membrane electrodialysis for water and wastewater processing: Application of ladder type membrane spacers to impact solution concentration and fow dynamics
Concentration polarization, which creates a thin boundary layer along the membranes in electrochemical reactors and electrodialysis-related processes, is one of the main issues. Membrane spacers provide swirling motion in the stream and distribute fuid toward the membrane, which efectively breaks th...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
Springer
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39963/1/ladder%E2%80%91type%20membrane%20spacers.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39963/7/Ion%20exchange%20membrane%20electrodialysis%20for%20water%20and%20wastewater%20processing.pdf |