Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint pathology causing severe pain and disability. Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of OA. In the joint microenvironment, macrophages with an M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype induce chronic inflammation and joint destruction, and they have...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1562 |
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| author | Aldo Ummarino Francesco Manlio Gambaro Elizaveta Kon Fernando Torres Andón |
| author_facet | Aldo Ummarino Francesco Manlio Gambaro Elizaveta Kon Fernando Torres Andón |
| author_sort | Aldo Ummarino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint pathology causing severe pain and disability. Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of OA. In the joint microenvironment, macrophages with an M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype induce chronic inflammation and joint destruction, and they have been correlated with the development and progression of the disease, while the M2-like anti-inflammatory macrophages support the recovery of the disease, promoting tissue repair and the resolution of inflammation. Nowadays, the treatment of OA in the clinic relies on systemic and/or intra-articular administration of anti-inflammatory and pain relief drugs, as well as surgical interventions for the severe cases (i.e., meniscectomy). The disadvantages of the pharmacological therapy are related to the chronic nature of the disease, requiring prolonged treatments, and to the particular location of the pathology in joint tissues, which are separated anatomical compartments with difficult access for the drugs. To overcome these challenges, nanotechnological approaches have been investigated to improve the delivery of drugs toward macrophages into the diseased joint. This strategy may offer advantages by reducing off-target toxicities and improving long-term therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe the nanomaterial-based approaches designed so far to directly or indirectly manipulate macrophages for the treatment of osteoarthritis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:44:27Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:44:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-007a5c1fa1e54376b1c1beb2ee1daaec2023-11-20T09:34:04ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-08-01108156210.3390/nano10081562Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of OsteoarthritisAldo Ummarino0Francesco Manlio Gambaro1Elizaveta Kon2Fernando Torres Andón3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, ItalyIRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Via A. Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, ItalyOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint pathology causing severe pain and disability. Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of OA. In the joint microenvironment, macrophages with an M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype induce chronic inflammation and joint destruction, and they have been correlated with the development and progression of the disease, while the M2-like anti-inflammatory macrophages support the recovery of the disease, promoting tissue repair and the resolution of inflammation. Nowadays, the treatment of OA in the clinic relies on systemic and/or intra-articular administration of anti-inflammatory and pain relief drugs, as well as surgical interventions for the severe cases (i.e., meniscectomy). The disadvantages of the pharmacological therapy are related to the chronic nature of the disease, requiring prolonged treatments, and to the particular location of the pathology in joint tissues, which are separated anatomical compartments with difficult access for the drugs. To overcome these challenges, nanotechnological approaches have been investigated to improve the delivery of drugs toward macrophages into the diseased joint. This strategy may offer advantages by reducing off-target toxicities and improving long-term therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe the nanomaterial-based approaches designed so far to directly or indirectly manipulate macrophages for the treatment of osteoarthritis.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1562nanomaterialmacrophagenanoparticledrug deliveryimmune systemanti-inflammatory |
| spellingShingle | Aldo Ummarino Francesco Manlio Gambaro Elizaveta Kon Fernando Torres Andón Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Nanomaterials nanomaterial macrophage nanoparticle drug delivery immune system anti-inflammatory |
| title | Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis |
| title_full | Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis |
| title_short | Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis |
| title_sort | therapeutic manipulation of macrophages using nanotechnological approaches for the treatment of osteoarthritis |
| topic | nanomaterial macrophage nanoparticle drug delivery immune system anti-inflammatory |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/8/1562 |
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