Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro
The naringin extraction process was optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). A central component design was adopted, which included four parameters: extraction temperature (X<sub>1</sub>), material–liquid ratio (X<sub>2</sub>), extraction time (X<sub>3</su...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1788 |
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| author | Xiao-Lei Yu Xin Meng Yi-Di Yan Jin-Cheng Han Jia-Shan Li Hui Wang Lei Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiao-Lei Yu Xin Meng Yi-Di Yan Jin-Cheng Han Jia-Shan Li Hui Wang Lei Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiao-Lei Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The naringin extraction process was optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). A central component design was adopted, which included four parameters: extraction temperature (X<sub>1</sub>), material–liquid ratio (X<sub>2</sub>), extraction time (X<sub>3</sub>), and ultrasonic frequency (X<sub>4</sub>) of 74.79 °C, 1.58 h, 1:56.51 g/mL, and 28.05 KHz, respectively. Based on these optimal extraction conditions, naringin was tested to verify the model’s accuracy. Naringin yield was 36.2502 mg/g, which was equivalent to the predicted yield of 36.0124 mg/g. DM101 macroporous adsorption resin was used to purify naringin. The effects of loading concentration, loading flow rate, and sample pH on the adsorption rate of naringin and the effect of ethanol concentration on the desorption rate of naringin were investigated. The optimum conditions for naringin purification using macroporous resins were determined. The optimal loading concentration, sample solution pH, and loading flow rate were 0.075 mg/mL, 3.5, and 1.5 mL/min, respectively. Three parallel tests were conducted under these conditions, and the average naringin yield was 77.5643%. Naringin’s structure was identified using infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. In vitro determination of the lipid-lowering activity of naringin was also conducted. These results showed that naringin has potential applications as a functional food for lowering blood lipid levels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:20:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-012b015163da4d6aa2b3b8a8a01f3b94 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:20:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-012b015163da4d6aa2b3b8a8a01f3b942023-11-16T22:23:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01284178810.3390/molecules28041788Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In VitroXiao-Lei Yu0Xin Meng1Yi-Di Yan2Jin-Cheng Han3Jia-Shan Li4Hui Wang5Lei Zhang6MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaMeat Processing and Safety Control Professional Technology Innovation Center, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, ChinaMeat Processing and Safety Control Professional Technology Innovation Center, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, ChinaMeat Processing and Safety Control Professional Technology Innovation Center, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, ChinaMeat Processing and Safety Control Professional Technology Innovation Center, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, ChinaMeat Processing and Safety Control Professional Technology Innovation Center, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, ChinaMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaThe naringin extraction process was optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). A central component design was adopted, which included four parameters: extraction temperature (X<sub>1</sub>), material–liquid ratio (X<sub>2</sub>), extraction time (X<sub>3</sub>), and ultrasonic frequency (X<sub>4</sub>) of 74.79 °C, 1.58 h, 1:56.51 g/mL, and 28.05 KHz, respectively. Based on these optimal extraction conditions, naringin was tested to verify the model’s accuracy. Naringin yield was 36.2502 mg/g, which was equivalent to the predicted yield of 36.0124 mg/g. DM101 macroporous adsorption resin was used to purify naringin. The effects of loading concentration, loading flow rate, and sample pH on the adsorption rate of naringin and the effect of ethanol concentration on the desorption rate of naringin were investigated. The optimum conditions for naringin purification using macroporous resins were determined. The optimal loading concentration, sample solution pH, and loading flow rate were 0.075 mg/mL, 3.5, and 1.5 mL/min, respectively. Three parallel tests were conducted under these conditions, and the average naringin yield was 77.5643%. Naringin’s structure was identified using infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. In vitro determination of the lipid-lowering activity of naringin was also conducted. These results showed that naringin has potential applications as a functional food for lowering blood lipid levels.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1788naringinextraction optimisationstructurepurificationin vitrohypolipidemic |
| spellingShingle | Xiao-Lei Yu Xin Meng Yi-Di Yan Jin-Cheng Han Jia-Shan Li Hui Wang Lei Zhang Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro Molecules naringin extraction optimisation structure purification in vitro hypolipidemic |
| title | Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro |
| title_full | Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro |
| title_fullStr | Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro |
| title_short | Optimisation of the Extraction Process of Naringin and Its Effect on Reducing Blood Lipid Levels In Vitro |
| title_sort | optimisation of the extraction process of naringin and its effect on reducing blood lipid levels in vitro |
| topic | naringin extraction optimisation structure purification in vitro hypolipidemic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1788 |
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