Examining the paradoxical effects of kratom: a narrative inquiry

Examining the paradoxical effects of kratom: a narrative inquiry

Introduction: Surveys and case reports have documented kratom use in the United States (US) for over a decade. However, those reports have generally not examined in depth the role kratom plays in the lives of those who use it regularly for sustained periods. Until there are controlled studies of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kirsten E. Smith, Jeffrey D. Feldman, Kelly E. Dunn, Christopher R. McCurdy, Stephanie T. Weiss, Oliver Grundmann, Albert Garcia-Romeu, Janeen Nichels, David H. Epstein
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
Subjects:
kratom
emerging drugs
novel substances
kratom tolerance
opioids
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1174139/full

Internet

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1174139/full

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