Arctic Development in Connection with the Northern Sea Route: A Review of Ecological Risks and Ways to Avoid Them

The unprecedented melting of Arctic ice provides new opportunities for shipping by decreasing the distance for commercial traffic between Asia and Europe by up to 40%. However, its development is associated with inevitable problems caused by the vulnerability of polar ecosystems. As research methods...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Irina Makarova, Dmitry Makarov, Polina Buyvol, Aleksandr Barinov, Larysa Gubacheva, Eduard Mukhametdinov, Vadim Mavrin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-10-01
Series:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1415