Foreflipper and hindflipper muscle reconstructions of Cryptoclidus eurymerus in comparison to functional analogues: introduction of a myological mechanism for flipper twisting

Background Plesiosaurs, diapsid crown-group Sauropterygia, inhabited the oceans from the Late Triassic to the Late Cretaceous. Their most exceptional characteristic are four hydrofoil-like flippers. The question whether plesiosaurs employed their four flippers in underwater flight, rowing flight, or...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anna Krahl, Ulrich Witzel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2021-12-01
Series:PeerJ
Subjects:
Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/12537.pdf