Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity
Frequent occurrences of high levels of <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxins have been recorded in Norwegian oat grain. To elucidate the influence of tillage operations on the development of <i>Fusarium</i> and mycotoxins in oat grain, we conducted tillage trials with continuous oats at...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/11/1288 |
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| author | Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Heidi Udnes Aamot Till Seehusen Børge Magne Holen Hugh Riley Ruth Dill-Macky Simon G. Edwards Guro Brodal |
| author_facet | Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Heidi Udnes Aamot Till Seehusen Børge Magne Holen Hugh Riley Ruth Dill-Macky Simon G. Edwards Guro Brodal |
| author_sort | Ingerd Skow Hofgaard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Frequent occurrences of high levels of <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxins have been recorded in Norwegian oat grain. To elucidate the influence of tillage operations on the development of <i>Fusarium</i> and mycotoxins in oat grain, we conducted tillage trials with continuous oats at two locations in southeast Norway. We have previously presented the content of <i>Fusarium</i> DNA detected in straw residues and air samples from these fields. Grain harvested from ploughed plots had lower levels of <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> DNA and HT-2 and T-2 toxins (HT2 + T2) compared to grain from harrowed plots. Our results indicate that the risk of <i>F. langsethiae</i> and HT2 + T2 contamination of oats is reduced with increasing tillage intensity. No distinct influence of tillage on the DNA concentration of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> in the harvested grain was observed. In contrast to <i>F. graminearum</i> and <i>F. avenaceum,</i> only limited contents of <i>F. langsethiae</i> DNA were observed in straw residues and air samples. Still, considerable concentrations of <i>F. langsethiae</i> DNA and HT2 + T2 were recorded in oat grain harvested from these fields. We speculate that the life cycle of <i>F. langsethiae</i> differs from those of <i>F. graminearum</i> and <i>F. avenaceum</i> with regard to survival, inoculum production and dispersal. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:45:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-0643e6062ad948a9b9bda73f5ecd6a362023-11-24T06:17:09ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-11-011111128810.3390/pathogens11111288Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage IntensityIngerd Skow Hofgaard0Heidi Udnes Aamot1Till Seehusen2Børge Magne Holen3Hugh Riley4Ruth Dill-Macky5Simon G. Edwards6Guro Brodal7Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, NorwayNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, NorwayNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, NorwayNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, NorwayNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USAAgriculture and Environment Department, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, Newport TF10 8NB, UKNorwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, NorwayFrequent occurrences of high levels of <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxins have been recorded in Norwegian oat grain. To elucidate the influence of tillage operations on the development of <i>Fusarium</i> and mycotoxins in oat grain, we conducted tillage trials with continuous oats at two locations in southeast Norway. We have previously presented the content of <i>Fusarium</i> DNA detected in straw residues and air samples from these fields. Grain harvested from ploughed plots had lower levels of <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> DNA and HT-2 and T-2 toxins (HT2 + T2) compared to grain from harrowed plots. Our results indicate that the risk of <i>F. langsethiae</i> and HT2 + T2 contamination of oats is reduced with increasing tillage intensity. No distinct influence of tillage on the DNA concentration of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> in the harvested grain was observed. In contrast to <i>F. graminearum</i> and <i>F. avenaceum,</i> only limited contents of <i>F. langsethiae</i> DNA were observed in straw residues and air samples. Still, considerable concentrations of <i>F. langsethiae</i> DNA and HT2 + T2 were recorded in oat grain harvested from these fields. We speculate that the life cycle of <i>F. langsethiae</i> differs from those of <i>F. graminearum</i> and <i>F. avenaceum</i> with regard to survival, inoculum production and dispersal.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/11/1288deoxynivalenolFusarium head blightreduced tillageploughingstraw residues |
| spellingShingle | Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Heidi Udnes Aamot Till Seehusen Børge Magne Holen Hugh Riley Ruth Dill-Macky Simon G. Edwards Guro Brodal Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity Pathogens deoxynivalenol Fusarium head blight reduced tillage ploughing straw residues |
| title | Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity |
| title_full | Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity |
| title_fullStr | Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity |
| title_short | Reduced Risk of Oat Grain Contamination with <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> and HT-2 and T-2 Toxins with Increasing Tillage Intensity |
| title_sort | reduced risk of oat grain contamination with i fusarium langsethiae i and ht 2 and t 2 toxins with increasing tillage intensity |
| topic | deoxynivalenol Fusarium head blight reduced tillage ploughing straw residues |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/11/1288 |
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