Analysis of competitive manufacturers’ collection decisions given cross-shareholding and capital constraints
Entrusting a third party and implementing a trade-in program are two main ways for manufacturers to collect used products. By establishing two closed-loop supply chain competition models, this study analyses the co-existence conditions of third-party collection and trade-in collection adopted by com...
Main Authors: | , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2023-08-01
|
Series: | Heliyon |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023060796 |