Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity
Identifying the relative loads (%1RM) that maximize power output (Pmax-load) in resistance exercises can help design interventions to optimize muscle power in older adults. Moreover, examining the maximal mean power (MPmax) and peak power (PPmax) values (Watts) would allow an understanding of their...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1007772/full |
| _version_ | 1818058112710475776 |
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| author | Diogo Luís Marques Henrique Pereira Neiva Henrique Pereira Neiva Daniel Almeida Marinho Daniel Almeida Marinho Ivan Miguel Pires Célia Nunes Célia Nunes Mário Cardoso Marques Mário Cardoso Marques |
| author_facet | Diogo Luís Marques Henrique Pereira Neiva Henrique Pereira Neiva Daniel Almeida Marinho Daniel Almeida Marinho Ivan Miguel Pires Célia Nunes Célia Nunes Mário Cardoso Marques Mário Cardoso Marques |
| author_sort | Diogo Luís Marques |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Identifying the relative loads (%1RM) that maximize power output (Pmax-load) in resistance exercises can help design interventions to optimize muscle power in older adults. Moreover, examining the maximal mean power (MPmax) and peak power (PPmax) values (Watts) would allow an understanding of their differences and associations with functionality markers in older adults. Therefore, this research aimed to 1) analyze the load-mean and peak power relationships in the leg press and chest press in older adults, 2) examine the differences between mean Pmax-load (MPmax-load) and peak Pmax-load (PPmax-load) within resistance exercises, 3) identify the differences between resistance exercises in MPmax-load and PPmax-load, and 4) explore the associations between MPmax and PPmax in the leg press and chest press with functional capacity indicators. Thirty-two older adults (79.3 ± 7.3 years) performed the following tests: medicine ball throw (MBT), five-repetition sit-to-stand (STS), 10-m walking (10 W), and a progressive loading test in the leg press and chest press. Quadratic regressions analyzed 1) the load-mean and peak power relationships and identified the MPmax-load, MPmax, PPmax-load, and PPmax in both exercises, 2) the associations between MPmax and PPmax in the chest press with MBT, and 3) the associations between MPmax and PPmax in the leg press with STSpower and 10Wvelocity. In the leg press, the MPmax-load was ∼66% 1RM, and the PPmax-load was ∼62% 1RM, both for women and men (p > 0.05). In the chest press, the MPmax-load was ∼62% 1RM, and the PPmax-load was ∼56% 1RM, both for women and men (p > 0.05). There were differences between MPmax-load and PPmax-load within exercises (p < 0.01) and differences between exercises in MPmax-load and PPmax-load (p < 0.01). The MPmax and PPmax in the chest press explained ∼48% and ∼52% of the MBT-1 kg and MBT-3 kg variance, respectively. In the leg press, the MPmax and PPmax explained ∼59% of STSpower variance; however, both variables could not explain the 10Wvelocity performance (r2 ∼ 0.02). This study shows that the Pmax-load is similar between sexes, is resistance exercise-specific, and varies within exercises depending on the mechanical power variable used in older adults. Furthermore, this research demonstrates the influence of the MBT as an upper-limb power marker in older adults. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T12:55:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-08300bd8a4cc4c77a6f5ef5d1d0d0c50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T12:55:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-08300bd8a4cc4c77a6f5ef5d1d0d0c502022-12-22T01:48:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2022-09-011310.3389/fphys.2022.10077721007772Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacityDiogo Luís Marques0Henrique Pereira Neiva1Henrique Pereira Neiva2Daniel Almeida Marinho3Daniel Almeida Marinho4Ivan Miguel Pires5Célia Nunes6Célia Nunes7Mário Cardoso Marques8Mário Cardoso Marques9Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalDepartment of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalResearch Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, PortugalDepartment of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalResearch Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, PortugalInstituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalDepartment of Mathematics, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalCentre of Mathematics and Applications, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalDepartment of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, PortugalResearch Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, PortugalIdentifying the relative loads (%1RM) that maximize power output (Pmax-load) in resistance exercises can help design interventions to optimize muscle power in older adults. Moreover, examining the maximal mean power (MPmax) and peak power (PPmax) values (Watts) would allow an understanding of their differences and associations with functionality markers in older adults. Therefore, this research aimed to 1) analyze the load-mean and peak power relationships in the leg press and chest press in older adults, 2) examine the differences between mean Pmax-load (MPmax-load) and peak Pmax-load (PPmax-load) within resistance exercises, 3) identify the differences between resistance exercises in MPmax-load and PPmax-load, and 4) explore the associations between MPmax and PPmax in the leg press and chest press with functional capacity indicators. Thirty-two older adults (79.3 ± 7.3 years) performed the following tests: medicine ball throw (MBT), five-repetition sit-to-stand (STS), 10-m walking (10 W), and a progressive loading test in the leg press and chest press. Quadratic regressions analyzed 1) the load-mean and peak power relationships and identified the MPmax-load, MPmax, PPmax-load, and PPmax in both exercises, 2) the associations between MPmax and PPmax in the chest press with MBT, and 3) the associations between MPmax and PPmax in the leg press with STSpower and 10Wvelocity. In the leg press, the MPmax-load was ∼66% 1RM, and the PPmax-load was ∼62% 1RM, both for women and men (p > 0.05). In the chest press, the MPmax-load was ∼62% 1RM, and the PPmax-load was ∼56% 1RM, both for women and men (p > 0.05). There were differences between MPmax-load and PPmax-load within exercises (p < 0.01) and differences between exercises in MPmax-load and PPmax-load (p < 0.01). The MPmax and PPmax in the chest press explained ∼48% and ∼52% of the MBT-1 kg and MBT-3 kg variance, respectively. In the leg press, the MPmax and PPmax explained ∼59% of STSpower variance; however, both variables could not explain the 10Wvelocity performance (r2 ∼ 0.02). This study shows that the Pmax-load is similar between sexes, is resistance exercise-specific, and varies within exercises depending on the mechanical power variable used in older adults. Furthermore, this research demonstrates the influence of the MBT as an upper-limb power marker in older adults.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1007772/fullmuscle powerfunctional performancemedicine ball throwchair standwalking velocityregression analysis |
| spellingShingle | Diogo Luís Marques Henrique Pereira Neiva Henrique Pereira Neiva Daniel Almeida Marinho Daniel Almeida Marinho Ivan Miguel Pires Célia Nunes Célia Nunes Mário Cardoso Marques Mário Cardoso Marques Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity Frontiers in Physiology muscle power functional performance medicine ball throw chair stand walking velocity regression analysis |
| title | Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity |
| title_full | Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity |
| title_fullStr | Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity |
| title_short | Load-power relationship in older adults: The influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper-limb functional capacity |
| title_sort | load power relationship in older adults the influence of maximal mean and peak power values and their associations with lower and upper limb functional capacity |
| topic | muscle power functional performance medicine ball throw chair stand walking velocity regression analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1007772/full |
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