Activities of Antioxidant and Proteolytic Systems and Biomarkers in the Fat Body and Hemolymph of Young <i>Apis mellifera</i> Females
The proteolytic and antioxidant systems are important components of humoral immunity, and these biomarkers indicate the immune status. These compounds are synthesized in the bees’ fat body and released into the hemolymph. Their functions maintain the organism’s homeostasis and protect it against adv...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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Series: | Animals |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1121 |