Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
Tomato seed (TS) wastes are obtained in large amounts from the tomato processing industry. In this work, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant compounds from TS were optimized by using response surface methodology. The effect of MAE and UAE main...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/19/3068 |
| _version_ | 1797479289823690752 |
|---|---|
| author | Ignacio Solaberrieta Cristina Mellinas Alfonso Jiménez María Carmen Garrigós |
| author_facet | Ignacio Solaberrieta Cristina Mellinas Alfonso Jiménez María Carmen Garrigós |
| author_sort | Ignacio Solaberrieta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tomato seed (TS) wastes are obtained in large amounts from the tomato processing industry. In this work, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant compounds from TS were optimized by using response surface methodology. The effect of MAE and UAE main extraction parameters was studied on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH) responses. Antioxidant, structural, morphological, and thermal properties of MAE and UAE extracts were evaluated. A great influence of ethanol concentration was observed in both extraction methods. Optimal MAE conditions were determined as 15 min, 80 °C, 63% ethanol and 80 mL, with a desirability value of 0.914, whereas 15 min, 61% ethanol and 85% amplitude (desirability = 0.952) were found as optimal conditions for UAE. MAE extracts exhibited higher TPC and antioxidant activity values compared to UAE (1.72 ± 0.04 and 1.61 ± 0.03 mg GAE g TS<sup>−1</sup> for MAE and UAE, respectively). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results suggested the presence of some high molecular weight compounds in UAE extracts. Chlorogenic acid, rutin and naringenin were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD-MS as the main polyphenols found by MAE and UAE, showing MAE extracts higher individual phenolics content (1.11–2.99 mg 100 g TS<sup>−1</sup>). MAE and UAE have shown as effective green techniques for extracting bioactive molecules with high antioxidant activity from TS with high potential to be scaled-up for valorizing of TS industrial wastes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:43:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0b9115be89494e56b70e4c5425e288fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:43:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-0b9115be89494e56b70e4c5425e288fd2023-11-23T20:21:35ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582022-10-011119306810.3390/foods11193068Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted ExtractionIgnacio Solaberrieta0Cristina Mellinas1Alfonso Jiménez2María Carmen Garrigós3Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, ES-03690 Alicante, SpainTomato seed (TS) wastes are obtained in large amounts from the tomato processing industry. In this work, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant compounds from TS were optimized by using response surface methodology. The effect of MAE and UAE main extraction parameters was studied on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH) responses. Antioxidant, structural, morphological, and thermal properties of MAE and UAE extracts were evaluated. A great influence of ethanol concentration was observed in both extraction methods. Optimal MAE conditions were determined as 15 min, 80 °C, 63% ethanol and 80 mL, with a desirability value of 0.914, whereas 15 min, 61% ethanol and 85% amplitude (desirability = 0.952) were found as optimal conditions for UAE. MAE extracts exhibited higher TPC and antioxidant activity values compared to UAE (1.72 ± 0.04 and 1.61 ± 0.03 mg GAE g TS<sup>−1</sup> for MAE and UAE, respectively). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results suggested the presence of some high molecular weight compounds in UAE extracts. Chlorogenic acid, rutin and naringenin were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD-MS as the main polyphenols found by MAE and UAE, showing MAE extracts higher individual phenolics content (1.11–2.99 mg 100 g TS<sup>−1</sup>). MAE and UAE have shown as effective green techniques for extracting bioactive molecules with high antioxidant activity from TS with high potential to be scaled-up for valorizing of TS industrial wastes.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/19/3068tomato seed wastesantioxidant compoundsmicrowave-assisted extractionultrasound-assisted extractionresponse surface methodologyBox–Behnken design |
| spellingShingle | Ignacio Solaberrieta Cristina Mellinas Alfonso Jiménez María Carmen Garrigós Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Foods tomato seed wastes antioxidant compounds microwave-assisted extraction ultrasound-assisted extraction response surface methodology Box–Behnken design |
| title | Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction |
| title_full | Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction |
| title_fullStr | Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction |
| title_short | Recovery of Antioxidants from Tomato Seed Industrial Wastes by Microwave-Assisted and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction |
| title_sort | recovery of antioxidants from tomato seed industrial wastes by microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted extraction |
| topic | tomato seed wastes antioxidant compounds microwave-assisted extraction ultrasound-assisted extraction response surface methodology Box–Behnken design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/19/3068 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ignaciosolaberrieta recoveryofantioxidantsfromtomatoseedindustrialwastesbymicrowaveassistedandultrasoundassistedextraction AT cristinamellinas recoveryofantioxidantsfromtomatoseedindustrialwastesbymicrowaveassistedandultrasoundassistedextraction AT alfonsojimenez recoveryofantioxidantsfromtomatoseedindustrialwastesbymicrowaveassistedandultrasoundassistedextraction AT mariacarmengarrigos recoveryofantioxidantsfromtomatoseedindustrialwastesbymicrowaveassistedandultrasoundassistedextraction |