Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs
Background Accurately assessing the morphology and shape of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and obtaining measurements are important to avoid procedural complications. Objectives To characterize and compare PDA morphology, shape, and dimensions with angiography and echocardiography. Animals 25 cl...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15068 |
| _version_ | 1819046301570957312 |
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| author | Kelley R. Doocy Ashley B. Saunders Sonya G. Gordon Nicholas Jeffery |
| author_facet | Kelley R. Doocy Ashley B. Saunders Sonya G. Gordon Nicholas Jeffery |
| author_sort | Kelley R. Doocy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Accurately assessing the morphology and shape of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and obtaining measurements are important to avoid procedural complications. Objectives To characterize and compare PDA morphology, shape, and dimensions with angiography and echocardiography. Animals 25 client‐owned dogs with echocardiographically confirmed PDA. Methods Prospective case series. Imaging consisted of single plane angiography, transthoracic echocardiography from the right (TTE‐R) and left (TTE‐L), and two‐dimensional, biplane, and three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE‐2D and TEE‐3D). Measurements included angiographic minimal ductal diameter (MDD), echocardiographic pulmonary ostium in a single dimension (TTE‐R, TTE‐L, and TEE‐2D) and in perpendicular dimensions (TEE‐3D) with similar measurements of the ampulla 3 mm above the MDD or pulmonary ostium. The morphology and shape of the PDA were characterized. Results Catheter‐based occlusion (N = 20) and surgical ligation (N = 5) were performed without complication. Angiographic morphology was classified as type II (N = 19), type III (N = 1), and other (N = 1). Angiographic MDD and TEE‐2D pulmonary ostium measurements were significantly (P = .008) but weakly correlated (r = .56); similar relationships were found for ampulla diameter measurements (P < .0001; r = .75). In general, TEE‐2D did not correlate with other imaging modalities measurements. Based on TEE‐3D measurements, the majority of pulmonary ostium (17/24; 71%) and ampulla (19/24; 79%) were oval. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Measurements using different imaging modalities are not interchangeable. TEE‐3D provided an en face view of the PDA that cannot be replicated with other echocardiographic techniques and demonstrated an oval shape in the majority of dogs. We propose an update to the current classification system to include additional PDA morphologies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:42:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0c54b09710444a869186bc33583758af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:42:18Z |
| publishDate | 2018-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0c54b09710444a869186bc33583758af2022-12-21T19:06:53ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762018-03-0132264865710.1111/jvim.15068Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogsKelley R. Doocy0Ashley B. Saunders1Sonya G. Gordon2Nicholas Jeffery3Department of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station TexasDepartment of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station TexasDepartment of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station TexasDepartment of Small Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station TexasBackground Accurately assessing the morphology and shape of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and obtaining measurements are important to avoid procedural complications. Objectives To characterize and compare PDA morphology, shape, and dimensions with angiography and echocardiography. Animals 25 client‐owned dogs with echocardiographically confirmed PDA. Methods Prospective case series. Imaging consisted of single plane angiography, transthoracic echocardiography from the right (TTE‐R) and left (TTE‐L), and two‐dimensional, biplane, and three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE‐2D and TEE‐3D). Measurements included angiographic minimal ductal diameter (MDD), echocardiographic pulmonary ostium in a single dimension (TTE‐R, TTE‐L, and TEE‐2D) and in perpendicular dimensions (TEE‐3D) with similar measurements of the ampulla 3 mm above the MDD or pulmonary ostium. The morphology and shape of the PDA were characterized. Results Catheter‐based occlusion (N = 20) and surgical ligation (N = 5) were performed without complication. Angiographic morphology was classified as type II (N = 19), type III (N = 1), and other (N = 1). Angiographic MDD and TEE‐2D pulmonary ostium measurements were significantly (P = .008) but weakly correlated (r = .56); similar relationships were found for ampulla diameter measurements (P < .0001; r = .75). In general, TEE‐2D did not correlate with other imaging modalities measurements. Based on TEE‐3D measurements, the majority of pulmonary ostium (17/24; 71%) and ampulla (19/24; 79%) were oval. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Measurements using different imaging modalities are not interchangeable. TEE‐3D provided an en face view of the PDA that cannot be replicated with other echocardiographic techniques and demonstrated an oval shape in the majority of dogs. We propose an update to the current classification system to include additional PDA morphologies.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15068angiographycaninecongenital heart diseaseechocardiographythree‐dimensional |
| spellingShingle | Kelley R. Doocy Ashley B. Saunders Sonya G. Gordon Nicholas Jeffery Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine angiography canine congenital heart disease echocardiography three‐dimensional |
| title | Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs |
| title_full | Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs |
| title_fullStr | Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs |
| title_short | Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs |
| title_sort | comparative multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs |
| topic | angiography canine congenital heart disease echocardiography three‐dimensional |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15068 |
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