PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities
Ionomeric Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMCs) are sandwich-like materials based in a polymeric membrane covered on both sides by metallic electrodes. Its operation mechanism consists of hydrated ions migration in response to an external electrical field generated between the electrodes, leading to a sp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol)
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Materials Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392022000100358&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1811209574398558208 |
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| author | Ariel Gustavo Zuquello Matheus Colovati Saccardo Roger Gonçalves Kaique Afonso Tozzi Rafael Barbosa Laos Alexandre Hirano Carlos Henrique Scuracchio |
| author_facet | Ariel Gustavo Zuquello Matheus Colovati Saccardo Roger Gonçalves Kaique Afonso Tozzi Rafael Barbosa Laos Alexandre Hirano Carlos Henrique Scuracchio |
| author_sort | Ariel Gustavo Zuquello |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ionomeric Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMCs) are sandwich-like materials based in a polymeric membrane covered on both sides by metallic electrodes. Its operation mechanism consists of hydrated ions migration in response to an external electrical field generated between the electrodes, leading to a spatially nonuniform mass accumulation which causes the device to bend. Its performance as an actuator depends mainly on the environment's relative humidity and electrical stimuli. Consequently, IPMCs present variations in the electromechanical properties exhibiting nonlinearities and time-varying behaviors, limiting the major applications. For this reason, this paper investigated a PI controller performance to overcome these drawbacks and effectively control a Nafion-based IPMC-Li+ exposed to different relative humidities and electrical stimulis. The PI control system uses a camera with a machine vision application as a feedback sensor. Support instrumentation was developed to control the relative humidity, apply an electrical stimulus, and measure the electromechanical response. The pattern recognition algorithm implemented in the controller is efficient, with accuracy above 95%, making the feedback sensor reliable. Therefore, the PI controller was effective, stable, and capable of controlling and characterizing IPMC devices when relative humidity was above 60% at a low-frequency displacement and avoided the undesired back-relaxation phenomenon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:41:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e5209a668254ccfb0969d4ce37f00cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1516-1439 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:41:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e5209a668254ccfb0969d4ce37f00cc2022-12-22T03:47:35ZengAssociação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol)Materials Research1516-14392022-09-012510.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0518PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative HumiditiesAriel Gustavo Zuquellohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1611-2130Matheus Colovati Saccardohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-3841Roger Gonçalveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6003-610XKaique Afonso Tozzihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8620-2268Rafael BarbosaLaos Alexandre HiranoCarlos Henrique Scuracchiohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-0213Ionomeric Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMCs) are sandwich-like materials based in a polymeric membrane covered on both sides by metallic electrodes. Its operation mechanism consists of hydrated ions migration in response to an external electrical field generated between the electrodes, leading to a spatially nonuniform mass accumulation which causes the device to bend. Its performance as an actuator depends mainly on the environment's relative humidity and electrical stimuli. Consequently, IPMCs present variations in the electromechanical properties exhibiting nonlinearities and time-varying behaviors, limiting the major applications. For this reason, this paper investigated a PI controller performance to overcome these drawbacks and effectively control a Nafion-based IPMC-Li+ exposed to different relative humidities and electrical stimulis. The PI control system uses a camera with a machine vision application as a feedback sensor. Support instrumentation was developed to control the relative humidity, apply an electrical stimulus, and measure the electromechanical response. The pattern recognition algorithm implemented in the controller is efficient, with accuracy above 95%, making the feedback sensor reliable. Therefore, the PI controller was effective, stable, and capable of controlling and characterizing IPMC devices when relative humidity was above 60% at a low-frequency displacement and avoided the undesired back-relaxation phenomenon.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392022000100358&tlng=enIPMCPI controllerMachine visionRelative humidityCamera |
| spellingShingle | Ariel Gustavo Zuquello Matheus Colovati Saccardo Roger Gonçalves Kaique Afonso Tozzi Rafael Barbosa Laos Alexandre Hirano Carlos Henrique Scuracchio PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities Materials Research IPMC PI controller Machine vision Relative humidity Camera |
| title | PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities |
| title_full | PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities |
| title_fullStr | PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities |
| title_full_unstemmed | PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities |
| title_short | PI Controller for IPMC Actuators Based on Nafion®/PT Using Machine Vision for Feedback Response at Different Relative Humidities |
| title_sort | pi controller for ipmc actuators based on nafion r pt using machine vision for feedback response at different relative humidities |
| topic | IPMC PI controller Machine vision Relative humidity Camera |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392022000100358&tlng=en |
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