A new approach for fast field calculation in electrostatic electron lens design and optimization

Abstract In electron optics, calculation of the electric field plays a major role in all computations and simulations. Accurate field calculation methods such as the finite element method (FEM), boundary element method and finite difference method, have been used for years. However, such methods are...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Neda Hesam Mahmoudi Nezhad, Mohamad Ghaffarian Niasar, Cornelis W. Hagen, Pieter Kruit
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-02-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55518-3