Upregulation of PD-1/PD-L1 and downregulation of immune signaling pathways lead to more severe visceral leishmaniasis in undernutrition mice
Abstract Background Leishmaniasis is mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical developing countries, where chronic undernutrition often co-exists. Undernutrition is reported to promote the progression of leishmaniasis, but its immune mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Methods To simulate...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2024-01-01
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Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-06018-2 |