Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity
IntroductionGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) was originally described as a stress-induced cytokine, and a biomarker of aging and cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that circulating GDF-15 would be associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Herein, we explored this hypothesis in a larg...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377126/full |
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| author | Simeng Bu Simeng Bu Léna Royston Léna Royston Léna Royston Tsoarello Mabanga Tsoarello Mabanga Carolina A. Berini Cécile Tremblay Cécile Tremblay Bertrand Lebouché Bertrand Lebouché Joseph Cox Joseph Cox Cecilia T. Costiniuk Cecilia T. Costiniuk Madeleine Durand Madeleine Durand Stephane Isnard Stephane Isnard Jean-Pierre Routy Jean-Pierre Routy Jean-Pierre Routy |
| author_facet | Simeng Bu Simeng Bu Léna Royston Léna Royston Léna Royston Tsoarello Mabanga Tsoarello Mabanga Carolina A. Berini Cécile Tremblay Cécile Tremblay Bertrand Lebouché Bertrand Lebouché Joseph Cox Joseph Cox Cecilia T. Costiniuk Cecilia T. Costiniuk Madeleine Durand Madeleine Durand Stephane Isnard Stephane Isnard Jean-Pierre Routy Jean-Pierre Routy Jean-Pierre Routy |
| author_sort | Simeng Bu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) was originally described as a stress-induced cytokine, and a biomarker of aging and cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that circulating GDF-15 would be associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Herein, we explored this hypothesis in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 926 COVID-19 adult patients and from 285 hospitalized controls from the Biobanque Québécoise de la COVID-19 (BQC19). COVID-19 severity was graded according to the WHO criteria. SOMAscan proteomics assay was performed on 50µL of plasma. ELISA were performed on 46 selected participants with left-over plasma to validate differences in plasma GDF-15 levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism 9.0 and SPSS. P values < 0.01 were considered significant.ResultsProteomics showed that plasma GDF-15 levels were higher in COVID-19 patients compared to hospitalized controls. GDF-15 levels increased with COVID-19 severity. COVID-19 patients presenting with comorbidities including diabetes, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease had higher GDF-15 levels. ELISA revealed significant elevation of GDF-15 until 30 days after hospitalization. Plasma GDF-15 elevation was correlated with older age. Moreover, GDF-15 levels correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as soluble levels of its putative receptor CD48. No association was established between anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and plasma GDF-15 levels.ConclusionsThis study confirms GDF-15 as a biomarker for COVID-19 severity. Clinical evaluation of GDF-15 levels could assist identification of persons at high-risk of progressing to severe disease, thus improving patient care. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:22:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-118497c2a4684df6a727941e2a1e3d08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:22:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-118497c2a4684df6a727941e2a1e3d082024-04-15T15:42:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-04-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.13771261377126Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severitySimeng Bu0Simeng Bu1Léna Royston2Léna Royston3Léna Royston4Tsoarello Mabanga5Tsoarello Mabanga6Carolina A. Berini7Cécile Tremblay8Cécile Tremblay9Bertrand Lebouché10Bertrand Lebouché11Joseph Cox12Joseph Cox13Cecilia T. Costiniuk14Cecilia T. Costiniuk15Madeleine Durand16Madeleine Durand17Stephane Isnard18Stephane Isnard19Jean-Pierre Routy20Jean-Pierre Routy21Jean-Pierre Routy22Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, SwitzerlandResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDépartement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaDépartement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDépartement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaDépartement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDivision of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaIntroductionGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) was originally described as a stress-induced cytokine, and a biomarker of aging and cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that circulating GDF-15 would be associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Herein, we explored this hypothesis in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 926 COVID-19 adult patients and from 285 hospitalized controls from the Biobanque Québécoise de la COVID-19 (BQC19). COVID-19 severity was graded according to the WHO criteria. SOMAscan proteomics assay was performed on 50µL of plasma. ELISA were performed on 46 selected participants with left-over plasma to validate differences in plasma GDF-15 levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism 9.0 and SPSS. P values < 0.01 were considered significant.ResultsProteomics showed that plasma GDF-15 levels were higher in COVID-19 patients compared to hospitalized controls. GDF-15 levels increased with COVID-19 severity. COVID-19 patients presenting with comorbidities including diabetes, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease had higher GDF-15 levels. ELISA revealed significant elevation of GDF-15 until 30 days after hospitalization. Plasma GDF-15 elevation was correlated with older age. Moreover, GDF-15 levels correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as soluble levels of its putative receptor CD48. No association was established between anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and plasma GDF-15 levels.ConclusionsThis study confirms GDF-15 as a biomarker for COVID-19 severity. Clinical evaluation of GDF-15 levels could assist identification of persons at high-risk of progressing to severe disease, thus improving patient care.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377126/fullGDF-15COVID-19SARS-CoV-2proteomicsBQC19severity |
| spellingShingle | Simeng Bu Simeng Bu Léna Royston Léna Royston Léna Royston Tsoarello Mabanga Tsoarello Mabanga Carolina A. Berini Cécile Tremblay Cécile Tremblay Bertrand Lebouché Bertrand Lebouché Joseph Cox Joseph Cox Cecilia T. Costiniuk Cecilia T. Costiniuk Madeleine Durand Madeleine Durand Stephane Isnard Stephane Isnard Jean-Pierre Routy Jean-Pierre Routy Jean-Pierre Routy Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity Frontiers in Immunology GDF-15 COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 proteomics BQC19 severity |
| title | Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity |
| title_full | Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity |
| title_fullStr | Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity |
| title_short | Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity |
| title_sort | proteomics validate circulating gdf 15 as an independent biomarker for covid 19 severity |
| topic | GDF-15 COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 proteomics BQC19 severity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377126/full |
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