Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints
To improve smartphone GNSS positioning performance using extra inequality information, an inequality constraint method was introduced and verified in this study. Firstly, the positioning model was reviewed and three constraint applications were derived from it, namely, vertical velocity, direction,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2062 |
| _version_ | 1797603547837104128 |
|---|---|
| author | Zihan Peng Yang Gao Chengfa Gao Rui Shang Lu Gan |
| author_facet | Zihan Peng Yang Gao Chengfa Gao Rui Shang Lu Gan |
| author_sort | Zihan Peng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To improve smartphone GNSS positioning performance using extra inequality information, an inequality constraint method was introduced and verified in this study. Firstly, the positioning model was reviewed and three constraint applications were derived from it, namely, vertical velocity, direction, and distance constraints. Secondly, we introduced an estimator based on the density function truncation method to solve the inequality constraint problem. Finally, the performance of the method was investigated using datasets from three smartphones, including a Huawei P30, a Huawei P40, and a Xiaomi MI8. The results indicate that the position and velocity accuracy can be improved in the up component using a vertical velocity constraint. The horizontal positioning accuracy was increased using a heading direction constraint with dynamic datasets. Numerically, the root mean square error (RMSE) improvement percentages were 16.77%, 14.57%, and 31.09% for HP40, HP30, and XMI8, respectively. Using an inter-smartphone distance constraint could enhance the horizontal positioning of all participating smartphones, with improvement percentages of 34.27%, 75.58%, and 23.66% for HP40, HP30, and XMI8, respectively, in the static dataset. Additionally, the improvement percentages were 15.90%, 5.55%, and 0.17% in dynamic datasets. In summary, this study demonstrates that utilizing inequality constraints can significantly improve smartphone GNSS positioning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:33:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11bc1e8a04124531b74ffe1ee7136dea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:33:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-11bc1e8a04124531b74ffe1ee7136dea2023-11-17T21:11:29ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-04-01158206210.3390/rs15082062Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality ConstraintsZihan Peng0Yang Gao1Chengfa Gao2Rui Shang3Lu Gan4School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaDepartment of Geomatics Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaSchool of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaSchool of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaSchool of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaTo improve smartphone GNSS positioning performance using extra inequality information, an inequality constraint method was introduced and verified in this study. Firstly, the positioning model was reviewed and three constraint applications were derived from it, namely, vertical velocity, direction, and distance constraints. Secondly, we introduced an estimator based on the density function truncation method to solve the inequality constraint problem. Finally, the performance of the method was investigated using datasets from three smartphones, including a Huawei P30, a Huawei P40, and a Xiaomi MI8. The results indicate that the position and velocity accuracy can be improved in the up component using a vertical velocity constraint. The horizontal positioning accuracy was increased using a heading direction constraint with dynamic datasets. Numerically, the root mean square error (RMSE) improvement percentages were 16.77%, 14.57%, and 31.09% for HP40, HP30, and XMI8, respectively. Using an inter-smartphone distance constraint could enhance the horizontal positioning of all participating smartphones, with improvement percentages of 34.27%, 75.58%, and 23.66% for HP40, HP30, and XMI8, respectively, in the static dataset. Additionally, the improvement percentages were 15.90%, 5.55%, and 0.17% in dynamic datasets. In summary, this study demonstrates that utilizing inequality constraints can significantly improve smartphone GNSS positioning.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2062Android smartphonesGNSSpositioninginequality constraintsdensity function truncation |
| spellingShingle | Zihan Peng Yang Gao Chengfa Gao Rui Shang Lu Gan Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints Remote Sensing Android smartphones GNSS positioning inequality constraints density function truncation |
| title | Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints |
| title_full | Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints |
| title_fullStr | Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints |
| title_short | Improving Smartphone GNSS Positioning Accuracy Using Inequality Constraints |
| title_sort | improving smartphone gnss positioning accuracy using inequality constraints |
| topic | Android smartphones GNSS positioning inequality constraints density function truncation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/8/2062 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zihanpeng improvingsmartphonegnsspositioningaccuracyusinginequalityconstraints AT yanggao improvingsmartphonegnsspositioningaccuracyusinginequalityconstraints AT chengfagao improvingsmartphonegnsspositioningaccuracyusinginequalityconstraints AT ruishang improvingsmartphonegnsspositioningaccuracyusinginequalityconstraints AT lugan improvingsmartphonegnsspositioningaccuracyusinginequalityconstraints |