High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions
Flavor and nutritional quality has been negatively impacted during the course of domestication and improvement of the cultivated tomato (<i>Solanum</i> <i>lycopersicum</i>). Recent emphasis on consumers has emphasized breeding strategies that focus on flavor-associated chemic...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/6/398 |
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| author | Yusuke Aono Yonathan Asikin Ning Wang Denise Tieman Harry Klee Miyako Kusano |
| author_facet | Yusuke Aono Yonathan Asikin Ning Wang Denise Tieman Harry Klee Miyako Kusano |
| author_sort | Yusuke Aono |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Flavor and nutritional quality has been negatively impacted during the course of domestication and improvement of the cultivated tomato (<i>Solanum</i> <i>lycopersicum</i>). Recent emphasis on consumers has emphasized breeding strategies that focus on flavor-associated chemicals, including sugars, acids, and aroma compounds. Carotenoids indirectly affect flavor as precursors of aroma compounds, while chlorophylls contribute to sugar production through photosynthesis. However, the relationships between these pigments and flavor content are still unclear. In this study, we developed a simple and high-throughput method to quantify chlorophylls and carotenoids. This method was applied to over one hundred tomato varieties, including <i>S</i>. <i>lycopersicum</i> and its wild relatives (<i>S</i>. <i>l</i>. var. <i>cerasiforme</i> and <i>S</i>. <i>pimpinellifolium</i>), for quantification of these pigments in fruits. The results obtained by integrating data of the pigments, soluble solids, sugars, and aroma compounds indicate that (i) chlorophyll-abundant varieties have relatively higher sugar accumulations and (ii) prolycopene is associated with an abundance of linear carotenoid-derived aroma compounds in one of the orange-fruited varieties, “Dixie Golden Giant”. Our results suggest the importance of these pigments not only as components of fruit color but also as factors influencing flavor traits, such as sugars and aroma. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:17:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1451328c19d649c9a13edd61ca9c57f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:17:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-1451328c19d649c9a13edd61ca9c57f32023-11-22T00:41:41ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892021-06-0111639810.3390/metabo11060398High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild AccessionsYusuke Aono0Yonathan Asikin1Ning Wang2Denise Tieman3Harry Klee4Miyako Kusano5Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, JapanDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, JapanFaculty of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, JapanDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAFaculty of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, JapanFlavor and nutritional quality has been negatively impacted during the course of domestication and improvement of the cultivated tomato (<i>Solanum</i> <i>lycopersicum</i>). Recent emphasis on consumers has emphasized breeding strategies that focus on flavor-associated chemicals, including sugars, acids, and aroma compounds. Carotenoids indirectly affect flavor as precursors of aroma compounds, while chlorophylls contribute to sugar production through photosynthesis. However, the relationships between these pigments and flavor content are still unclear. In this study, we developed a simple and high-throughput method to quantify chlorophylls and carotenoids. This method was applied to over one hundred tomato varieties, including <i>S</i>. <i>lycopersicum</i> and its wild relatives (<i>S</i>. <i>l</i>. var. <i>cerasiforme</i> and <i>S</i>. <i>pimpinellifolium</i>), for quantification of these pigments in fruits. The results obtained by integrating data of the pigments, soluble solids, sugars, and aroma compounds indicate that (i) chlorophyll-abundant varieties have relatively higher sugar accumulations and (ii) prolycopene is associated with an abundance of linear carotenoid-derived aroma compounds in one of the orange-fruited varieties, “Dixie Golden Giant”. Our results suggest the importance of these pigments not only as components of fruit color but also as factors influencing flavor traits, such as sugars and aroma.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/6/398tomatofruit pigmentflavorapocarotenoidsugar accumulationaroma compounds |
| spellingShingle | Yusuke Aono Yonathan Asikin Ning Wang Denise Tieman Harry Klee Miyako Kusano High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions Metabolites tomato fruit pigment flavor apocarotenoid sugar accumulation aroma compounds |
| title | High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions |
| title_full | High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions |
| title_fullStr | High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions |
| title_short | High-Throughput Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Profiling Reveals Positive Associations with Sugar and Apocarotenoid Volatile Content in Fruits of Tomato Varieties in Modern and Wild Accessions |
| title_sort | high throughput chlorophyll and carotenoid profiling reveals positive associations with sugar and apocarotenoid volatile content in fruits of tomato varieties in modern and wild accessions |
| topic | tomato fruit pigment flavor apocarotenoid sugar accumulation aroma compounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/6/398 |
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