Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study
Abstract Background Heuristic (i.e., evidence-based, rounded) cadences of ≥100 and ≥ 130 steps/min have consistently corresponded with absolutely-defined moderate (3 metabolic equivalents [METs]) and vigorous (6 METs) physical activity intensity, respectively, in adults 21–60 years of age. There is...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01199-4 |
| _version_ | 1830477877364129792 |
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| author | Catrine Tudor-Locke Jose Mora-Gonzalez Scott W. Ducharme Elroy J. Aguiar John M. Schuna Tiago V. Barreira Christopher C. Moore Colleen J. Chase Zachary R. Gould Marcos A. Amalbert-Birriel Stuart R. Chipkin John Staudenmayer |
| author_facet | Catrine Tudor-Locke Jose Mora-Gonzalez Scott W. Ducharme Elroy J. Aguiar John M. Schuna Tiago V. Barreira Christopher C. Moore Colleen J. Chase Zachary R. Gould Marcos A. Amalbert-Birriel Stuart R. Chipkin John Staudenmayer |
| author_sort | Catrine Tudor-Locke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Heuristic (i.e., evidence-based, rounded) cadences of ≥100 and ≥ 130 steps/min have consistently corresponded with absolutely-defined moderate (3 metabolic equivalents [METs]) and vigorous (6 METs) physical activity intensity, respectively, in adults 21–60 years of age. There is no consensus regarding similar thresholds in older adults. Purpose To provide heuristic cadence thresholds for 3, 4, 5, and 6 METs in 61–85-year-old adults. Methods Ninety-eight community-dwelling ambulatory and ostensibly healthy older adults (age = 72.6 ± 6.9 years; 49% women) walked on a treadmill for a series of 5-min bouts (beginning at 0.5 mph with 0.5 mph increments) in this laboratory-based cross-sectional study until: 1) transitioning to running, 2) reaching ≥75% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate, or 3) reporting a Borg rating of perceived exertion > 13. Cadence was directly observed and hand-tallied. Intensity (oxygen uptake [VO2] mL/kg/min) was assessed with indirect calorimetry and converted to METs (1 MET = 3.5 mL/kg/min). Cadence thresholds were identified via segmented mixed effects model regression and using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Final heuristic cadence thresholds represented an analytical compromise based on classification accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and overall accuracy). Results Cadences of 103.1 (95% Prediction Interval: 70.0–114.2), 116.4 (105.3–127.4), 129.6 (118.6–140.7), and 142.9 steps/min (131.8–148.4) were identified for 3, 4, 5, and 6 METs, respectively, based on the segmented regression. Comparable values based on ROC analysis were 100.3 (95% Confidence Intervals: 95.7–103.1), 111.5 (106.1–112.9), 116.0 (112.4–120.2), and 128.6 steps/min (128.3–136.4). Heuristic cadence thresholds of 100, 110, and 120 were associated with 3, 4, and 5 METs. Data to inform a threshold for ≥6 METs was limited, as only 6/98 (6.0%) participants achieved this intensity. Conclusions Consistent with previous data collected from 21–40 and 41–60-year-old adults, heuristic cadence thresholds of 100, 110, and 120 steps/min were associated with 3, 4, and 5 METs, respectively, in 61–85-year-old adults. Most older adults tested did not achieve the intensity of ≥6 METs; therefore, our data do not support establishing thresholds corresponding with this intensity level. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02650258 . Registered 24 December 2015. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:22:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-154295d801f84fb58f7b369c9b934d97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1479-5868 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:22:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity |
| spelling | doaj.art-154295d801f84fb58f7b369c9b934d972022-12-21T18:57:33ZengBMCInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity1479-58682021-09-0118111210.1186/s12966-021-01199-4Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults studyCatrine Tudor-Locke0Jose Mora-Gonzalez1Scott W. Ducharme2Elroy J. Aguiar3John M. Schuna4Tiago V. Barreira5Christopher C. Moore6Colleen J. Chase7Zachary R. Gould8Marcos A. Amalbert-Birriel9Stuart R. Chipkin10John Staudenmayer11College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at CharlotteCollege of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at CharlotteDepartment of Kinesiology, California State UniversityDepartment of Kinesiology, The University of AlabamaSchool of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State UniversityExercise Science Department, Syracuse UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts AmherstDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts AmherstDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts AmherstDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts AmherstDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts AmherstAbstract Background Heuristic (i.e., evidence-based, rounded) cadences of ≥100 and ≥ 130 steps/min have consistently corresponded with absolutely-defined moderate (3 metabolic equivalents [METs]) and vigorous (6 METs) physical activity intensity, respectively, in adults 21–60 years of age. There is no consensus regarding similar thresholds in older adults. Purpose To provide heuristic cadence thresholds for 3, 4, 5, and 6 METs in 61–85-year-old adults. Methods Ninety-eight community-dwelling ambulatory and ostensibly healthy older adults (age = 72.6 ± 6.9 years; 49% women) walked on a treadmill for a series of 5-min bouts (beginning at 0.5 mph with 0.5 mph increments) in this laboratory-based cross-sectional study until: 1) transitioning to running, 2) reaching ≥75% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate, or 3) reporting a Borg rating of perceived exertion > 13. Cadence was directly observed and hand-tallied. Intensity (oxygen uptake [VO2] mL/kg/min) was assessed with indirect calorimetry and converted to METs (1 MET = 3.5 mL/kg/min). Cadence thresholds were identified via segmented mixed effects model regression and using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Final heuristic cadence thresholds represented an analytical compromise based on classification accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and overall accuracy). Results Cadences of 103.1 (95% Prediction Interval: 70.0–114.2), 116.4 (105.3–127.4), 129.6 (118.6–140.7), and 142.9 steps/min (131.8–148.4) were identified for 3, 4, 5, and 6 METs, respectively, based on the segmented regression. Comparable values based on ROC analysis were 100.3 (95% Confidence Intervals: 95.7–103.1), 111.5 (106.1–112.9), 116.0 (112.4–120.2), and 128.6 steps/min (128.3–136.4). Heuristic cadence thresholds of 100, 110, and 120 were associated with 3, 4, and 5 METs. Data to inform a threshold for ≥6 METs was limited, as only 6/98 (6.0%) participants achieved this intensity. Conclusions Consistent with previous data collected from 21–40 and 41–60-year-old adults, heuristic cadence thresholds of 100, 110, and 120 steps/min were associated with 3, 4, and 5 METs, respectively, in 61–85-year-old adults. Most older adults tested did not achieve the intensity of ≥6 METs; therefore, our data do not support establishing thresholds corresponding with this intensity level. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02650258 . Registered 24 December 2015.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01199-4AccelerometerExercisePedometerPhysical activityStep rate |
| spellingShingle | Catrine Tudor-Locke Jose Mora-Gonzalez Scott W. Ducharme Elroy J. Aguiar John M. Schuna Tiago V. Barreira Christopher C. Moore Colleen J. Chase Zachary R. Gould Marcos A. Amalbert-Birriel Stuart R. Chipkin John Staudenmayer Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Accelerometer Exercise Pedometer Physical activity Step rate |
| title | Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study |
| title_full | Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study |
| title_fullStr | Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study |
| title_short | Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study |
| title_sort | walking cadence steps min and intensity in 61 85 year old adults the cadence adults study |
| topic | Accelerometer Exercise Pedometer Physical activity Step rate |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01199-4 |
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