Cardiopulmonary Cement Embolism Following Cement-Augmented Pedicle Screw Fixation: A Narrative Review
Fixation using cement-augmented pedicle screws (CAPS) is being increasingly performed. However, CAPS-associated cement leakage is a critical problem that can lead to cardiopulmonary cement embolism (CPCE). This narrative review aimed to explore the incidence of and risk factors and treatment strateg...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/2/407 |