Environmental Pollutants, Mucosal Barriers, and Pathogen Susceptibility; The Case for Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> as a Risk Factor for HIV Transmission and Pathogenesis

HIV transmission risk is dependent on the infectivity of the HIV+ partner and personal susceptibility risk factors of the HIV− partner. The mucosal barrier, as the internal gatekeeper between environment and self, concentrates and modulates the internalization of ingested pathogens and pollutants. I...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Erin P. Madeen, Frank Maldarelli, John D. Groopman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
Series:Pathogens
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/10/1229