Integration of Back-Up Heaters in Retrofit Heat Pump Systems: Which to Choose, Where to Place, and How to Control?

Integration of Back-Up Heaters in Retrofit Heat Pump Systems: Which to Choose, Where to Place, and How to Control?

Back-up heaters are essential for sustainable retrofit heat pump systems to achieve low capital costs and high system temperatures. Despite its importance, current literature focuses primarily on single aspects of the interaction between the back-up heater and the heat pump system. Furthermore, infl...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fabian Wüllhorst, Christian Vering, Laura Maier, Dirk Müller
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-09-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
operational envelope
rule-based control
dynamic simulation
superstructure
bivalent heat pump system
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7134

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7134

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