Astaxanthin attenuates cigarette smoke-induced small airway remodeling via the AKT1 signaling pathway
Abstract Background Astaxanthin (AXT) is a keto-carotenoid with a variety of biological functions, including antioxidant and antifibrotic effects. Small airway remodeling is the main pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is caused by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2024-03-01
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Series: | Respiratory Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-024-02768-4 |