IUPHAR Review - Bivalent and bifunctional opioid receptor ligands as novel analgesics
Though efficacious in managing chronic, severe pain, opioid analgesics are accompanied by significant adverse effects including constipation, tolerance, dependence, and respiratory depression. The life-threatening risks associated with µ opioid receptor agonist-based analgesics challenges their use...
Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2023-11-01
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Series: | Pharmacological Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823003225 |