The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale
Background Adults and children alike can feel anxious and afraid of needles. As a result, some people avoid necessary medical injections, leading to health problems. Assessing the fear of injections should consider fear factors, avoidance behaviors, and physical symptoms. We have developed a single...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21642850.2022.2116328 |
| _version_ | 1811282492047491072 |
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| author | Suzuka Hako Kohei Kambara Akiko Ogata |
| author_facet | Suzuka Hako Kohei Kambara Akiko Ogata |
| author_sort | Suzuka Hako |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Adults and children alike can feel anxious and afraid of needles. As a result, some people avoid necessary medical injections, leading to health problems. Assessing the fear of injections should consider fear factors, avoidance behaviors, and physical symptoms. We have developed a single scale that measures each of these variables. Conventional fear-of-injection scales do not simultaneously measure the aforementioned components, and thus may not adequately capture the fear of injections. Furthermore, no scale has been developed in Japan to measure the fear of injections.Method A multidimensional fear-of-injection scale was developed in Study 1. The participants, 419 university students, were administered a questionnaire to check the reliability and validity of the scale. In Study 2, to establish the cut-off value of the scale, we conducted a questionnaire and analyzed the data of 771 university students. The outcome is the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale.Results The results from factor analysis showed that this scale has a four-factor structure (direct fear, indirect fear, physiological response, and avoidance behaviors). The results of the receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that a cut-off value of 35 points identifies people with a subjective fear of injections.Conclusion The multidimensional fear-of-injection scale is a comprehensive measure of the fear of injections and serves as an effective indicator for intervention and screening. Additionally, it provides a quantitative assessment of the fear of injection in Japan. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:53:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19b0f547753640658c596ec9661c16b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-2850 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:53:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-19b0f547753640658c596ec9661c16b62022-12-22T03:07:49ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHealth Psychology and Behavioral Medicine2164-28502022-12-0110180681710.1080/21642850.2022.2116328The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scaleSuzuka Hako0Kohei Kambara1Akiko Ogata2Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, JapanFaculty of Psychology, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto-fu, JapanGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, JapanBackground Adults and children alike can feel anxious and afraid of needles. As a result, some people avoid necessary medical injections, leading to health problems. Assessing the fear of injections should consider fear factors, avoidance behaviors, and physical symptoms. We have developed a single scale that measures each of these variables. Conventional fear-of-injection scales do not simultaneously measure the aforementioned components, and thus may not adequately capture the fear of injections. Furthermore, no scale has been developed in Japan to measure the fear of injections.Method A multidimensional fear-of-injection scale was developed in Study 1. The participants, 419 university students, were administered a questionnaire to check the reliability and validity of the scale. In Study 2, to establish the cut-off value of the scale, we conducted a questionnaire and analyzed the data of 771 university students. The outcome is the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale.Results The results from factor analysis showed that this scale has a four-factor structure (direct fear, indirect fear, physiological response, and avoidance behaviors). The results of the receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that a cut-off value of 35 points identifies people with a subjective fear of injections.Conclusion The multidimensional fear-of-injection scale is a comprehensive measure of the fear of injections and serves as an effective indicator for intervention and screening. Additionally, it provides a quantitative assessment of the fear of injection in Japan.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21642850.2022.2116328Fear of needlesdirect fearindirect fearphysiological responseavoidance behavior |
| spellingShingle | Suzuka Hako Kohei Kambara Akiko Ogata The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Fear of needles direct fear indirect fear physiological response avoidance behavior |
| title | The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale |
| title_full | The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale |
| title_fullStr | The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale |
| title_short | The development and validation of the multidimensional fear-of-injection scale |
| title_sort | development and validation of the multidimensional fear of injection scale |
| topic | Fear of needles direct fear indirect fear physiological response avoidance behavior |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21642850.2022.2116328 |
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