Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.)
Husk powder was prepared from seven varieties of walnut fruit and their hulling rate, chemical compounds, and total phenolic contents were evaluated. The apolar and polar extracts were prepared, respectively, from hexane and a hydroethanolic solvent, while qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/52 |
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| author | Sorour Barekat Ali Nasirpour Javad Keramat Mohammad Dinari Messaouda Meziane-Kaci Cedric Paris Stephane Desobry |
| author_facet | Sorour Barekat Ali Nasirpour Javad Keramat Mohammad Dinari Messaouda Meziane-Kaci Cedric Paris Stephane Desobry |
| author_sort | Sorour Barekat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Husk powder was prepared from seven varieties of walnut fruit and their hulling rate, chemical compounds, and total phenolic contents were evaluated. The apolar and polar extracts were prepared, respectively, from hexane and a hydroethanolic solvent, while qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses were performed by GC/MS and UHPLC-PDA-HRMS/MS. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties of green walnut husk were also evaluated. The total content of phenolic compounds varied between the varieties, ranging from 35.2 ± 0.9 to 58.0 ± 0.0 mg/g gallic acid equivalent of dry husk weight (dw). The apolar extract was found to contain alkanes, tocopherols, sterols, and fatty acids, including oleic, linoleic, and linolenic, while the polar extract showed the presence of phenolics including salicylate glucuronide, taxifolin, catechin, and quercetin isomers. The antioxidant power obtained by the PAOT (total antioxidant power) method for the husk powders ranged from 256.5 ± 5.9 to 746.8 ± 6.9 score/g dw, and seemed consistent with the total phenolic content and the results obtained by the classic antioxidant test with DPPH. The walnut husk also showed an antibacterial effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and cytotoxic potential against HepG2. Among the selected varieties, the green Saman had the highest antioxidant properties, while the Saman with a brown color had the lowest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:46:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1de711bed60446849c594951bfd3c183 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:46:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-1de711bed60446849c594951bfd3c1832023-11-30T20:57:40ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-12-011215210.3390/antiox12010052Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.)Sorour Barekat0Ali Nasirpour1Javad Keramat2Mohammad Dinari3Messaouda Meziane-Kaci4Cedric Paris5Stephane Desobry6Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, IranDepartment of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, IranInstitut Européen des Antioxydants (IEA), 54230 Neuves-Maisons, FranceLaboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, FranceLaboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, FranceHusk powder was prepared from seven varieties of walnut fruit and their hulling rate, chemical compounds, and total phenolic contents were evaluated. The apolar and polar extracts were prepared, respectively, from hexane and a hydroethanolic solvent, while qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses were performed by GC/MS and UHPLC-PDA-HRMS/MS. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties of green walnut husk were also evaluated. The total content of phenolic compounds varied between the varieties, ranging from 35.2 ± 0.9 to 58.0 ± 0.0 mg/g gallic acid equivalent of dry husk weight (dw). The apolar extract was found to contain alkanes, tocopherols, sterols, and fatty acids, including oleic, linoleic, and linolenic, while the polar extract showed the presence of phenolics including salicylate glucuronide, taxifolin, catechin, and quercetin isomers. The antioxidant power obtained by the PAOT (total antioxidant power) method for the husk powders ranged from 256.5 ± 5.9 to 746.8 ± 6.9 score/g dw, and seemed consistent with the total phenolic content and the results obtained by the classic antioxidant test with DPPH. The walnut husk also showed an antibacterial effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and cytotoxic potential against HepG2. Among the selected varieties, the green Saman had the highest antioxidant properties, while the Saman with a brown color had the lowest.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/52antioxidant powerPAOT technologyphenolic compoundsgreen walnut husk |
| spellingShingle | Sorour Barekat Ali Nasirpour Javad Keramat Mohammad Dinari Messaouda Meziane-Kaci Cedric Paris Stephane Desobry Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) Antioxidants antioxidant power PAOT technology phenolic compounds green walnut husk |
| title | Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) |
| title_full | Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) |
| title_short | Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Anticancer Properties, and Antioxidant Potential of Green Husk from Several Walnut Varieties (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) |
| title_sort | phytochemical composition antimicrobial anticancer properties and antioxidant potential of green husk from several walnut varieties i juglans regia i l |
| topic | antioxidant power PAOT technology phenolic compounds green walnut husk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/52 |
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