Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques
Fructus Amomi (FA) is usually regarded as the dried ripe fruit of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. (FAL) or <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen (FALX.). However, FAL, which always has a much higher price because of its better qualit...
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/9/1663 |
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| author | Hui Ao Jing Wang Lu Chen Shengmao Li Chunmei Dai |
| author_facet | Hui Ao Jing Wang Lu Chen Shengmao Li Chunmei Dai |
| author_sort | Hui Ao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fructus Amomi (FA) is usually regarded as the dried ripe fruit of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. (FAL) or <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen (FALX.). However, FAL, which always has a much higher price because of its better quality, is often confused with FALX. in the market. As volatile oil is the main constituent of FA, a strategy combining gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemometric approaches was applied to compare the chemical composition of FAL and FALX. The results showed that the oil yield of FAL was significantly higher than that of FALX. Total ion chromatography (TIC) showed that cis-nerolidol existed only in FALX. Bornyl acetate and camphor can be considered the most important volatile components in FAL and FALX., respectively. Moreover, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) successfully distinguished the chemical constituents of the volatile oils in FAL and FALX. Additionally, bornyl acetate, α-cadinol, linalool, β-myrcene, camphor, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-limonene, terpinolene and borneol were selected as the potential markers for discriminating FAL and FALX. by partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). In conclusion, this present study has developed a scientific approach to separate FAL and FALX. based on volatile oils, by GC-MS combined with chemometric techniques. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:21:54Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:21:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e67b4a5b9224c968c223b8fd6a049fb2022-12-21T20:01:56ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-04-01249166310.3390/molecules24091663molecules24091663Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric TechniquesHui Ao0Jing Wang1Lu Chen2Shengmao Li3Chunmei Dai4College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637007, ChinaCollege of Basic medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, ChinaFructus Amomi (FA) is usually regarded as the dried ripe fruit of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. (FAL) or <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen (FALX.). However, FAL, which always has a much higher price because of its better quality, is often confused with FALX. in the market. As volatile oil is the main constituent of FA, a strategy combining gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemometric approaches was applied to compare the chemical composition of FAL and FALX. The results showed that the oil yield of FAL was significantly higher than that of FALX. Total ion chromatography (TIC) showed that cis-nerolidol existed only in FALX. Bornyl acetate and camphor can be considered the most important volatile components in FAL and FALX., respectively. Moreover, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) successfully distinguished the chemical constituents of the volatile oils in FAL and FALX. Additionally, bornyl acetate, α-cadinol, linalool, β-myrcene, camphor, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-limonene, terpinolene and borneol were selected as the potential markers for discriminating FAL and FALX. by partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). In conclusion, this present study has developed a scientific approach to separate FAL and FALX. based on volatile oils, by GC-MS combined with chemometric techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/9/1663<i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour.<i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjengas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS)chemometric techniquesvolatile oilspecies distinction |
| spellingShingle | Hui Ao Jing Wang Lu Chen Shengmao Li Chunmei Dai Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques Molecules <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chemometric techniques volatile oil species distinction |
| title | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques |
| title_full | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques |
| title_short | Comparison of Volatile Oil between the Fruits of <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. and <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen Based on GC-MS and Chemometric Techniques |
| title_sort | comparison of volatile oil between the fruits of i amomum villosum i lour and i amomum villosum i lour var i xanthioides i t l wu et senjen based on gc ms and chemometric techniques |
| topic | <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. <i>Amomum villosum</i> Lour. var. <i>xanthioides</i> T. L. Wu et Senjen gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chemometric techniques volatile oil species distinction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/9/1663 |
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