Double inferior vena cava systems during retroperitoneal surgery: Description of a systematic approach to a rare and challenging anatomic variant
Detailed knowledge of the various venous anomalies is important to optimize the surgical approach and minimize catastrophic complications during retroperitoneal surgery. We report a rare case of an isolated left inferior vein cava (IVC) in a patient with left renal cell carcinoma with level IV IVC t...
Main Authors: | , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2022-03-01
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Series: | Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468428721002069 |