Autophagy-based unconventional secretion of HMGB1 in glioblastoma promotes chemosensitivity to temozolomide through macrophage M1-like polarization
Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and highly malignant brain tumor characterized by aggressive growth and resistance to alkylating chemotherapy. Autophagy induction is one of the hallmark effects of anti-GB therapies with temozolomide (TMZ). However, the non-classical form of...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2022-02-01
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Series: | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02291-8 |