Friction Factor and Heat Transfer of Giesekus-Fluid-Based Nanofluids in a Pipe Flow
The friction factor and heat transfer of Giesekus-fluid-based nanofluids in a pipe flow were studied in the ranges of 0.5 ≤ Reynolds number (Re) ≤ 500, 1 ≤ Weissenberg number (Wi) ≤ 8, 0.5% ≤ particle volume concentration (<i>Φ</i>) ≤ 3.0%, 0 ≤ viscosity ratio (<i>β</i><su...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3234 |