UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces DNA lesions in all directly exposed tissues. In the human body, two tissues are chronically exposed to UV: the skin and the cornea. The most frequent UV-induced DNA lesions are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) that can lead to apoptosis or induce tumorigenesi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/278 |
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| author | Thomas Volatier Björn Schumacher Claus Cursiefen Maria Notara |
| author_facet | Thomas Volatier Björn Schumacher Claus Cursiefen Maria Notara |
| author_sort | Thomas Volatier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces DNA lesions in all directly exposed tissues. In the human body, two tissues are chronically exposed to UV: the skin and the cornea. The most frequent UV-induced DNA lesions are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) that can lead to apoptosis or induce tumorigenesis. Lacking the protective pigmentation of the skin, the transparent cornea is particularly dependent on nucleotide excision repair (NER) to remove UV-induced DNA lesions. The DNA damage response also triggers intracellular autophagy mechanisms to remove damaged material in the cornea; these mechanisms are poorly understood despite their noted involvement in UV-related diseases. Therapeutic solutions involving xenogenic DNA-repair enzymes such as T4 endonuclease V or photolyases exist and are widely distributed for dermatological use. The corneal field lacks a similar set of tools to address DNA-lesions in photovulnerable patients, such as those with genetic disorders or recently transplanted tissue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21da4abf130243759d0e47e1ed950ccf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-21da4abf130243759d0e47e1ed950ccf2023-11-23T18:50:47ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-02-0111227810.3390/biology11020278UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and RescueThomas Volatier0Björn Schumacher1Claus Cursiefen2Maria Notara3Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 62, 50937 Cologne, GermanyCologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses, Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 62, 50937 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 62, 50937 Cologne, GermanyUltraviolet (UV) irradiation induces DNA lesions in all directly exposed tissues. In the human body, two tissues are chronically exposed to UV: the skin and the cornea. The most frequent UV-induced DNA lesions are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) that can lead to apoptosis or induce tumorigenesis. Lacking the protective pigmentation of the skin, the transparent cornea is particularly dependent on nucleotide excision repair (NER) to remove UV-induced DNA lesions. The DNA damage response also triggers intracellular autophagy mechanisms to remove damaged material in the cornea; these mechanisms are poorly understood despite their noted involvement in UV-related diseases. Therapeutic solutions involving xenogenic DNA-repair enzymes such as T4 endonuclease V or photolyases exist and are widely distributed for dermatological use. The corneal field lacks a similar set of tools to address DNA-lesions in photovulnerable patients, such as those with genetic disorders or recently transplanted tissue.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/278corneaUVautophagynucleotide excision repair |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Volatier Björn Schumacher Claus Cursiefen Maria Notara UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue Biology cornea UV autophagy nucleotide excision repair |
| title | UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue |
| title_full | UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue |
| title_fullStr | UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue |
| title_full_unstemmed | UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue |
| title_short | UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue |
| title_sort | uv protection in the cornea failure and rescue |
| topic | cornea UV autophagy nucleotide excision repair |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/278 |
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