Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy
This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling loca...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/6/827 |
| _version_ | 1827307340263587840 |
|---|---|
| author | Susanna Draghi Michele Spinelli Carolina Fontanarosa Giulio Curone Angela Amoresano Elisabetta Pignoli Petra Cagnardi Daniele Vigo Francesco Arioli Stefano Materazzi Roberta Risoluti Federica Di Cesare |
| author_facet | Susanna Draghi Michele Spinelli Carolina Fontanarosa Giulio Curone Angela Amoresano Elisabetta Pignoli Petra Cagnardi Daniele Vigo Francesco Arioli Stefano Materazzi Roberta Risoluti Federica Di Cesare |
| author_sort | Susanna Draghi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:37:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2224d7af4ba141fb8958197bfcf66cdd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:37:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2224d7af4ba141fb8958197bfcf66cdd2024-03-27T13:17:34ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-03-0114682710.3390/ani14060827Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern ItalySusanna Draghi0Michele Spinelli1Carolina Fontanarosa2Giulio Curone3Angela Amoresano4Elisabetta Pignoli5Petra Cagnardi6Daniele Vigo7Francesco Arioli8Stefano Materazzi9Roberta Risoluti10Federica Di Cesare11Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, ItalyThis study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine. Geographical comparisons revealed minor differences. Young wild boars showed significantly higher Cu, Se, Cd, and Cr levels, while older subjects exhibited elevated Mn levels, reflecting age-related element absorption variations. No significant sex-based variations were noted. Comparing wild boars to swine, wild boars had more non-essential elements due to their foraging behavior and a larger home range. Conversely, swine exhibited a greater prevalence of essential elements, potentially resulting from dietary supplementation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/6/827eco-toxicologyenvironmental toxicologybiomonitoringbioindicatorstrace elements |
| spellingShingle | Susanna Draghi Michele Spinelli Carolina Fontanarosa Giulio Curone Angela Amoresano Elisabetta Pignoli Petra Cagnardi Daniele Vigo Francesco Arioli Stefano Materazzi Roberta Risoluti Federica Di Cesare Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy Animals eco-toxicology environmental toxicology biomonitoring bioindicators trace elements |
| title | Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy |
| title_sort | evaluation of the difference in the content of essential and non essential elements in wild boar and swine tissues sampled in the same area of northern italy |
| topic | eco-toxicology environmental toxicology biomonitoring bioindicators trace elements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/6/827 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT susannadraghi evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT michelespinelli evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT carolinafontanarosa evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT giuliocurone evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT angelaamoresano evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT elisabettapignoli evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT petracagnardi evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT danielevigo evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT francescoarioli evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT stefanomaterazzi evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT robertarisoluti evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly AT federicadicesare evaluationofthedifferenceinthecontentofessentialandnonessentialelementsinwildboarandswinetissuessampledinthesameareaofnorthernitaly |