The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases?
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) represents a serious cardiac sequela of acute rheumatic fever, occurring in 30–45% of patients. RHD is multifactorial, with a strong familial predisposition and known environmental risk factors that drive loss of immunological tolerance. The gut and oral microbiome have...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/9/1629 |
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| author | Amira Kohil Wafa Abdalla Wisam N. Ibrahim Khalid M. Al-Harbi Amal Al-Haidose Maha Al-Asmakh Atiyeh M. Abdallah |
| author_facet | Amira Kohil Wafa Abdalla Wisam N. Ibrahim Khalid M. Al-Harbi Amal Al-Haidose Maha Al-Asmakh Atiyeh M. Abdallah |
| author_sort | Amira Kohil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) represents a serious cardiac sequela of acute rheumatic fever, occurring in 30–45% of patients. RHD is multifactorial, with a strong familial predisposition and known environmental risk factors that drive loss of immunological tolerance. The gut and oral microbiome have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of RHD. Disruption of the delicate balance of the microbiome, or dysbiosis, is thought to lead to autoimmune responses through several different mechanisms including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, and bystander activation. However, data on the microbiomes of RHD patients are scarce. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we explore the various dimensions of the intricate relationship between the microbiome and the immune system in RHD and other rheumatic diseases to explore the potential effect of microbiota on RHD and opportunities for diagnosis and treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:28:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-226ca991cf1d4f10bd1ed3028907b9f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:28:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-226ca991cf1d4f10bd1ed3028907b9f02023-11-19T11:52:39ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442023-09-01599162910.3390/medicina59091629The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases?Amira Kohil0Wafa Abdalla1Wisam N. Ibrahim2Khalid M. Al-Harbi3Amal Al-Haidose4Maha Al-Asmakh5Atiyeh M. Abdallah6Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha 34110, QatarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, QatarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, QatarDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah 41491, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, QatarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, QatarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, QatarRheumatic heart disease (RHD) represents a serious cardiac sequela of acute rheumatic fever, occurring in 30–45% of patients. RHD is multifactorial, with a strong familial predisposition and known environmental risk factors that drive loss of immunological tolerance. The gut and oral microbiome have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of RHD. Disruption of the delicate balance of the microbiome, or dysbiosis, is thought to lead to autoimmune responses through several different mechanisms including molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, and bystander activation. However, data on the microbiomes of RHD patients are scarce. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we explore the various dimensions of the intricate relationship between the microbiome and the immune system in RHD and other rheumatic diseases to explore the potential effect of microbiota on RHD and opportunities for diagnosis and treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/9/1629rheumatic heart diseasemicrobiotaimmunomodulationautoimmunitymolecular mimicryepitope spreading |
| spellingShingle | Amira Kohil Wafa Abdalla Wisam N. Ibrahim Khalid M. Al-Harbi Amal Al-Haidose Maha Al-Asmakh Atiyeh M. Abdallah The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases? Medicina rheumatic heart disease microbiota immunomodulation autoimmunity molecular mimicry epitope spreading |
| title | The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases? |
| title_full | The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases? |
| title_fullStr | The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases? |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases? |
| title_short | The Immunomodulatory Role of Microbiota in Rheumatic Heart Disease: What Do We Know and What Can We Learn from Other Rheumatic Diseases? |
| title_sort | immunomodulatory role of microbiota in rheumatic heart disease what do we know and what can we learn from other rheumatic diseases |
| topic | rheumatic heart disease microbiota immunomodulation autoimmunity molecular mimicry epitope spreading |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/9/1629 |
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