Bacteria vs. bacteriophages: parallel evolution of immune arsenals

Bacteriophages are the most common entities on earth and represent a constant challenge to bacterial populations. To fend off bacteriophage infection, bacteria evolved immune systems to avert phage adsorption and block invader DNA entry. They developed restriction-modification systems and mechanisms...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Abu Bakr Shabbir, Haihong Hao, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir, Wu Qin, Adeel Sattar, Zonghui Yuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01292/full