Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are being extensively studied for their potential roles in the development of cancer therapy regimens. In addition to their direct lytic effects, OVs can initiate and drive systemic antitumor immunity indirectly via release of tumor antigen, as well as by encoding and deliver...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-08-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/4/3/19 |
| _version_ | 1819029792861716480 |
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| author | Daniel W. Sharp Edmund C. Lattime |
| author_facet | Daniel W. Sharp Edmund C. Lattime |
| author_sort | Daniel W. Sharp |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are being extensively studied for their potential roles in the development of cancer therapy regimens. In addition to their direct lytic effects, OVs can initiate and drive systemic antitumor immunity indirectly via release of tumor antigen, as well as by encoding and delivering immunostimulatory molecules. This combination makes them an effective platform for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies beyond their primary lytic function. Engineering the viruses to also express tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) allows them to simultaneously serve as therapeutic vaccines, targeting and amplifying an immune response to TAAs. Our group and others have shown that vaccinating intratumorally with a poxvirus that encodes TAAs, in addition to immune stimulatory molecules, can modulate the tumor microenvironment, overcome immune inhibitory pathways, and drive both local and systemic tumor specific immune responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T06:19:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29131b59913944188561b9643f03cb93 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T06:19:54Z |
| publishDate | 2016-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-29131b59913944188561b9643f03cb932022-12-21T19:13:18ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592016-08-01431910.3390/biomedicines4030019biomedicines4030019Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and ImmunizationDaniel W. Sharp0Edmund C. Lattime1Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-2681, USARutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-2681, USAOncolytic viruses (OVs) are being extensively studied for their potential roles in the development of cancer therapy regimens. In addition to their direct lytic effects, OVs can initiate and drive systemic antitumor immunity indirectly via release of tumor antigen, as well as by encoding and delivering immunostimulatory molecules. This combination makes them an effective platform for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies beyond their primary lytic function. Engineering the viruses to also express tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) allows them to simultaneously serve as therapeutic vaccines, targeting and amplifying an immune response to TAAs. Our group and others have shown that vaccinating intratumorally with a poxvirus that encodes TAAs, in addition to immune stimulatory molecules, can modulate the tumor microenvironment, overcome immune inhibitory pathways, and drive both local and systemic tumor specific immune responses.http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/4/3/19oncolytic virusesimmunotherapyGM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)TRICOM (triad of costimulatory molecules)tumor microenvironmentpoxvirusvaccinia |
| spellingShingle | Daniel W. Sharp Edmund C. Lattime Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization Biomedicines oncolytic viruses immunotherapy GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) TRICOM (triad of costimulatory molecules) tumor microenvironment poxvirus vaccinia |
| title | Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization |
| title_full | Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization |
| title_fullStr | Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization |
| title_short | Recombinant Poxvirus and the Tumor Microenvironment: Oncolysis, Immune Regulation and Immunization |
| title_sort | recombinant poxvirus and the tumor microenvironment oncolysis immune regulation and immunization |
| topic | oncolytic viruses immunotherapy GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) TRICOM (triad of costimulatory molecules) tumor microenvironment poxvirus vaccinia |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/4/3/19 |
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