Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, bacterial community, and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and corn stover. The TMR was ensiled with four treatments: (1) no additi...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/10/1775 |
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| author | Guangning Zhang Xinpeng Fang Guanzhi Feng Yang Li Yonggen Zhang |
| author_facet | Guangning Zhang Xinpeng Fang Guanzhi Feng Yang Li Yonggen Zhang |
| author_sort | Guangning Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, bacterial community, and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and corn stover. The TMR was ensiled with four treatments: (1) no additive (control); (2) lactic acid bacteria (LAB); (3) fibrolytic enzyme (EN); (4) LAB + EN. The EN and LAB + EN decreased the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Additives led to a higher lactic acid (LA) content (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to control at all ensiling times. Silages inoculated with LAB and LAB + EN had higher dry matter (<i>p</i> = 0.0007), LA (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and acetic acid (AA) contents (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to control. The LAB and LAB + EN had significantly lowest ammonia nitrogen among the treatments, while no significant difference occurred after days 7 of ensiling. Silages treated with LAB and LAB + EN had a higher LAB count (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and a lower pH, yeast, and mold counts compared to other silages. The LAB and LAB + EN greatly increased the portions of <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001, and <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively) and reduced undesirable bacteria. Inoculation with LAB + EN and LAB improved aerobic stability of TMR silages indicated by higher and more stable LA and AA contents, smaller rise in pH, and yeast count than other silages. The LAB + EN and LAB reduced microbial diversity and improved the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of TMR silage containing WCGF and corn stover. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:54:41Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:54:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-29ed5ea45ef64fcb94b20bd365cd84412023-11-20T15:44:40ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-10-011010177510.3390/ani10101775Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different AdditivesGuangning Zhang0Xinpeng Fang1Guanzhi Feng2Yang Li3Yonggen Zhang4College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, bacterial community, and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and corn stover. The TMR was ensiled with four treatments: (1) no additive (control); (2) lactic acid bacteria (LAB); (3) fibrolytic enzyme (EN); (4) LAB + EN. The EN and LAB + EN decreased the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Additives led to a higher lactic acid (LA) content (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to control at all ensiling times. Silages inoculated with LAB and LAB + EN had higher dry matter (<i>p</i> = 0.0007), LA (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and acetic acid (AA) contents (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to control. The LAB and LAB + EN had significantly lowest ammonia nitrogen among the treatments, while no significant difference occurred after days 7 of ensiling. Silages treated with LAB and LAB + EN had a higher LAB count (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and a lower pH, yeast, and mold counts compared to other silages. The LAB and LAB + EN greatly increased the portions of <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001, and <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively) and reduced undesirable bacteria. Inoculation with LAB + EN and LAB improved aerobic stability of TMR silages indicated by higher and more stable LA and AA contents, smaller rise in pH, and yeast count than other silages. The LAB + EN and LAB reduced microbial diversity and improved the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of TMR silage containing WCGF and corn stover.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/10/1775total mixed ration silageadditivesfermentation characteristicsmicrobial communityaerobic stability |
| spellingShingle | Guangning Zhang Xinpeng Fang Guanzhi Feng Yang Li Yonggen Zhang Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives Animals total mixed ration silage additives fermentation characteristics microbial community aerobic stability |
| title | Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives |
| title_full | Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives |
| title_fullStr | Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives |
| title_short | Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives |
| title_sort | silage fermentation bacterial community and aerobic stability of total mixed ration containing wet corn gluten feed and corn stover prepared with different additives |
| topic | total mixed ration silage additives fermentation characteristics microbial community aerobic stability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/10/1775 |
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