A pilot study of circulating levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 as biomarkers of bone healing in patients with non-hypertrophic pseudoarthrosis of long bones

Background: Pseudoarthrosis or non-union is a complication with an incidence of 5–10% of bone fractures, most frequently located in the diaphysis of long bones. The management of this complication is addressed by means of complex surgical procedures and is a concern for orthopaedic and trauma surgeo...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel Chaverri, Daniel Vivas, Santiago Gallardo-Villares, Fernando Granell-Escobar, Javier A. Pinto, Joaquim Vives
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2022-06-01
Series:Bone Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187221004149