Circulating extracellular vesicles are monitoring biomarkers of anti-PD1 response and enhancer of tumor progression and immunosuppression in metastatic melanoma
Abstract Background Clinical drawback in checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy (ICI) of metastatic melanoma (MM) is monitoring clinical benefit. Soluble forms of PD1(sPD1) and PD-L1(sPD-L1) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) expressing PD1 and PD-L1 have recently emerged as predictive biomarkers of resp...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2023-09-01
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Series: | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-023-02808-9 |