Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion
Chlorotoxin is a small 36 amino-acid peptide identified from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus. Initially, chlorotoxin was used as a pharmacological tool to characterize chloride channels. While studying glioma-specific chloride currents, it was soon discovered that chlorotoxin posse...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2015-03-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1079 |
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| author | Lucie Dardevet Dipti Rani Tarek Abd El Aziz Ingrid Bazin Jean-Marc Sabatier Mahmoud Fadl Elisabeth Brambilla Michel De Waard |
| author_facet | Lucie Dardevet Dipti Rani Tarek Abd El Aziz Ingrid Bazin Jean-Marc Sabatier Mahmoud Fadl Elisabeth Brambilla Michel De Waard |
| author_sort | Lucie Dardevet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chlorotoxin is a small 36 amino-acid peptide identified from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus. Initially, chlorotoxin was used as a pharmacological tool to characterize chloride channels. While studying glioma-specific chloride currents, it was soon discovered that chlorotoxin possesses targeting properties towards cancer cells including glioma, melanoma, small cell lung carcinoma, neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. The investigation of the mechanism of action of chlorotoxin has been challenging because its cell surface receptor target remains under questioning since two other receptors have been claimed besides chloride channels. Efforts on chlorotoxin-based applications focused on producing analogues helpful for glioma diagnosis, imaging and treatment. These efforts are welcome since gliomas are very aggressive brain cancers, close to impossible to cure with the current therapeutic arsenal. Among all the chlorotoxin-based strategies, the most promising one to enhance patient mean survival time appears to be the use of chlorotoxin as a targeting agent for the delivery of anti-tumor agents. Finally, the discovery of chlorotoxin has led to the screening of other scorpion venoms to identify chlorotoxin-like peptides. So far several new candidates have been identified. Only detailed research and clinical investigations will tell us if they share the same anti-tumor potential as chlorotoxin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:40:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-30dc8aaacc3f4a73845a74202f5c550a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:40:35Z |
| publishDate | 2015-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-30dc8aaacc3f4a73845a74202f5c550a2022-12-22T03:19:05ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512015-03-01741079110110.3390/toxins7041079toxins7041079Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor InvasionLucie Dardevet0Dipti Rani1Tarek Abd El Aziz2Ingrid Bazin3Jean-Marc Sabatier4Mahmoud Fadl5Elisabeth Brambilla6Michel De Waard7Grenoble Neuroscience Institute, Inserm U836, Team 3, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Bâtiment Edmond Safra, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, FranceGrenoble Neuroscience Institute, Inserm U836, Team 3, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Bâtiment Edmond Safra, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, FranceGrenoble Neuroscience Institute, Inserm U836, Team 3, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Bâtiment Edmond Safra, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, FranceEcole des Mines d'Ales, 6 av de Clavieres, 30100 Ales Cedex, FranceInserm UMR 1097, 163, Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, FranceZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, 61519 Minia, EgyptScience Technology Health, Université Joseph Fourier, BP53, 38041 Grenoble, FranceGrenoble Neuroscience Institute, Inserm U836, Team 3, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Bâtiment Edmond Safra, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 09, FranceChlorotoxin is a small 36 amino-acid peptide identified from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus. Initially, chlorotoxin was used as a pharmacological tool to characterize chloride channels. While studying glioma-specific chloride currents, it was soon discovered that chlorotoxin possesses targeting properties towards cancer cells including glioma, melanoma, small cell lung carcinoma, neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. The investigation of the mechanism of action of chlorotoxin has been challenging because its cell surface receptor target remains under questioning since two other receptors have been claimed besides chloride channels. Efforts on chlorotoxin-based applications focused on producing analogues helpful for glioma diagnosis, imaging and treatment. These efforts are welcome since gliomas are very aggressive brain cancers, close to impossible to cure with the current therapeutic arsenal. Among all the chlorotoxin-based strategies, the most promising one to enhance patient mean survival time appears to be the use of chlorotoxin as a targeting agent for the delivery of anti-tumor agents. Finally, the discovery of chlorotoxin has led to the screening of other scorpion venoms to identify chlorotoxin-like peptides. So far several new candidates have been identified. Only detailed research and clinical investigations will tell us if they share the same anti-tumor potential as chlorotoxin.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1079chlorotoxingliomacancertargetingdiagnosistreatmenttherapychloride channelAnnexin A2metalloprotease |
| spellingShingle | Lucie Dardevet Dipti Rani Tarek Abd El Aziz Ingrid Bazin Jean-Marc Sabatier Mahmoud Fadl Elisabeth Brambilla Michel De Waard Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion Toxins chlorotoxin glioma cancer targeting diagnosis treatment therapy chloride channel Annexin A2 metalloprotease |
| title | Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion |
| title_full | Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion |
| title_fullStr | Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion |
| title_short | Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion |
| title_sort | chlorotoxin a helpful natural scorpion peptide to diagnose glioma and fight tumor invasion |
| topic | chlorotoxin glioma cancer targeting diagnosis treatment therapy chloride channel Annexin A2 metalloprotease |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/4/1079 |
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