Quantification and treatment of congestion in heart failure: A clinical and pathophysiological overview
Renal sodium and water retention with resulting extracellular volume expansion and redistribution are hallmark features of heart failure syndromes. However, congestion assessment, monitoring, and treatment represent a real challenge in daily clinical practice. This document reviewed historical and c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Nefrología (English Edition) |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2013251422000530 |