Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species
The present study focuses on the nutritional, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant activities of the fruits of <i>Rourea minor</i> (Gaertn.) Alston., an underutilized plant species. The ripened seeds contained 0.28%, 12.39%, 25.70%, 1.4%, and 3.4% of fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/5/606 |
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| author | Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy Guggalada Govardhana Yadav Sathish Shekhappa Kadapatti Akarsha H. Pote Ramalinga Jagali Vidya Yarashi Yaser Hassan Dewir |
| author_facet | Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy Guggalada Govardhana Yadav Sathish Shekhappa Kadapatti Akarsha H. Pote Ramalinga Jagali Vidya Yarashi Yaser Hassan Dewir |
| author_sort | Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study focuses on the nutritional, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant activities of the fruits of <i>Rourea minor</i> (Gaertn.) Alston., an underutilized plant species. The ripened seeds contained 0.28%, 12.39%, 25.70%, 1.4%, and 3.4% of fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash, and fiber, respectively, whereas ripened pulp possessed 0.19%, 0.34%, 0.90%, 0.35%, and 0.98% of fat, protein, carbohydrates, ash, and fiber, respectively. The ripened seed and pulp were also rich in mineral elements and especially microelements. The pulp, when ripe, had high levels of microelements such as boron, iron, zinc, copper, and manganese with values of 25.98, 2523.56, 499.12, 33.62, and 40.30 µg/g DW, respectively. Phytate and oxalate content were comparatively higher in ripened seeds (6.91 and 31.88 mg/g FW) than in the pulp. Acetone, absolute methanol, water, and 70% methanol were used for the extraction of phytochemicals, and 70% methanol extract contained the highest phytochemicals. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid content of unripe seeds was 180.47 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/DW, 68.95 quercetin equivalent (QE)/g DW, and 0.35 atropine equivalent (AE)/g DW, respectively, and that of unripe pulp was 8.21 mg GAE/g DW, 2.97 mg QE/g DW and 1.20 mg AE/g DW, respectively. All the extracts showed remarkable antioxidant activity, proved by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, following a similar trend to the phytochemical composition. The study concludes that <i>Rourea minor</i> fruits, both seeds, and pulp, could be an excellent source of nutrients, microelements, and antioxidants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:40:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-32f7ea24be914a308e1e8f81eda93be0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:40:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-32f7ea24be914a308e1e8f81eda93be02023-11-18T01:35:14ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242023-05-019560610.3390/horticulturae9050606Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized SpeciesHosakatte Niranjana Murthy0Guggalada Govardhana Yadav1Sathish Shekhappa Kadapatti2Akarsha H. Pote3Ramalinga Jagali4Vidya Yarashi5Yaser Hassan Dewir6Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, IndiaDepartment of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaThe present study focuses on the nutritional, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant activities of the fruits of <i>Rourea minor</i> (Gaertn.) Alston., an underutilized plant species. The ripened seeds contained 0.28%, 12.39%, 25.70%, 1.4%, and 3.4% of fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash, and fiber, respectively, whereas ripened pulp possessed 0.19%, 0.34%, 0.90%, 0.35%, and 0.98% of fat, protein, carbohydrates, ash, and fiber, respectively. The ripened seed and pulp were also rich in mineral elements and especially microelements. The pulp, when ripe, had high levels of microelements such as boron, iron, zinc, copper, and manganese with values of 25.98, 2523.56, 499.12, 33.62, and 40.30 µg/g DW, respectively. Phytate and oxalate content were comparatively higher in ripened seeds (6.91 and 31.88 mg/g FW) than in the pulp. Acetone, absolute methanol, water, and 70% methanol were used for the extraction of phytochemicals, and 70% methanol extract contained the highest phytochemicals. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid content of unripe seeds was 180.47 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/DW, 68.95 quercetin equivalent (QE)/g DW, and 0.35 atropine equivalent (AE)/g DW, respectively, and that of unripe pulp was 8.21 mg GAE/g DW, 2.97 mg QE/g DW and 1.20 mg AE/g DW, respectively. All the extracts showed remarkable antioxidant activity, proved by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, following a similar trend to the phytochemical composition. The study concludes that <i>Rourea minor</i> fruits, both seeds, and pulp, could be an excellent source of nutrients, microelements, and antioxidants.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/5/606antioxidantsmineralsnutrientsphytochemicals<i>Rourea minor</i>underutilized fruit |
| spellingShingle | Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy Guggalada Govardhana Yadav Sathish Shekhappa Kadapatti Akarsha H. Pote Ramalinga Jagali Vidya Yarashi Yaser Hassan Dewir Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species Horticulturae antioxidants minerals nutrients phytochemicals <i>Rourea minor</i> underutilized fruit |
| title | Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Potential of <i>Rourea minor</i> Fruits: An Underutilized Species |
| title_sort | evaluation of the nutritional phytochemical and antioxidant potential of i rourea minor i fruits an underutilized species |
| topic | antioxidants minerals nutrients phytochemicals <i>Rourea minor</i> underutilized fruit |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/5/606 |
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