Effect of butorphanol on visceral pain in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background Butorphanol slightly influences the respiratory and circulatory systems, has a better effect on relieving the discomfort caused by mechanical traction, and has a low incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Combined butorphanol and propofol may suppress postoperativ...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Anesthesiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-023-02053-9 |