Understanding LAG-3 Signaling
Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a cell surface inhibitory receptor with multiple biological activities over T cell activation and effector functions. LAG-3 plays a regulatory role in immunity and emerged some time ago as an inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule comparable to PD-1 and CTLA-4...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5282 |
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| author | Luisa Chocarro Ester Blanco Miren Zuazo Hugo Arasanz Ana Bocanegra Leticia Fernández-Rubio Pilar Morente Gonzalo Fernández-Hinojal Miriam Echaide Maider Garnica Pablo Ramos Ruth Vera Grazyna Kochan David Escors |
| author_facet | Luisa Chocarro Ester Blanco Miren Zuazo Hugo Arasanz Ana Bocanegra Leticia Fernández-Rubio Pilar Morente Gonzalo Fernández-Hinojal Miriam Echaide Maider Garnica Pablo Ramos Ruth Vera Grazyna Kochan David Escors |
| author_sort | Luisa Chocarro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a cell surface inhibitory receptor with multiple biological activities over T cell activation and effector functions. LAG-3 plays a regulatory role in immunity and emerged some time ago as an inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule comparable to PD-1 and CTLA-4 and a potential target for enhancing anti-cancer immune responses. LAG-3 is the third inhibitory receptor to be exploited in human anti-cancer immunotherapies, and it is considered a potential next-generation cancer immunotherapy target in human therapy, right next to PD-1 and CTLA-4. Unlike PD-1 and CTLA-4, the exact mechanisms of action of LAG-3 and its relationship with other immune checkpoint molecules remain poorly understood. This is partly caused by the presence of non-conventional signaling motifs in its intracellular domain that are different from other conventional immunoregulatory signaling motifs but with similar inhibitory activities. Here we summarize the current understanding of LAG-3 signaling and its role in LAG-3 functions, from its mechanisms of action to clinical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:19:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-33914f6bb11346f589343e400f8dfe06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:19:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-33914f6bb11346f589343e400f8dfe062023-11-21T20:08:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-012210528210.3390/ijms22105282Understanding LAG-3 SignalingLuisa Chocarro0Ester Blanco1Miren Zuazo2Hugo Arasanz3Ana Bocanegra4Leticia Fernández-Rubio5Pilar Morente6Gonzalo Fernández-Hinojal7Miriam Echaide8Maider Garnica9Pablo Ramos10Ruth Vera11Grazyna Kochan12David Escors13Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainDepartment of Medical Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra CHN-IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainOncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarre, IdISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, SpainLymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a cell surface inhibitory receptor with multiple biological activities over T cell activation and effector functions. LAG-3 plays a regulatory role in immunity and emerged some time ago as an inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule comparable to PD-1 and CTLA-4 and a potential target for enhancing anti-cancer immune responses. LAG-3 is the third inhibitory receptor to be exploited in human anti-cancer immunotherapies, and it is considered a potential next-generation cancer immunotherapy target in human therapy, right next to PD-1 and CTLA-4. Unlike PD-1 and CTLA-4, the exact mechanisms of action of LAG-3 and its relationship with other immune checkpoint molecules remain poorly understood. This is partly caused by the presence of non-conventional signaling motifs in its intracellular domain that are different from other conventional immunoregulatory signaling motifs but with similar inhibitory activities. Here we summarize the current understanding of LAG-3 signaling and its role in LAG-3 functions, from its mechanisms of action to clinical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5282LAG-3immune checkpointcancer signalingimmunotherapytargeted therapy |
| spellingShingle | Luisa Chocarro Ester Blanco Miren Zuazo Hugo Arasanz Ana Bocanegra Leticia Fernández-Rubio Pilar Morente Gonzalo Fernández-Hinojal Miriam Echaide Maider Garnica Pablo Ramos Ruth Vera Grazyna Kochan David Escors Understanding LAG-3 Signaling International Journal of Molecular Sciences LAG-3 immune checkpoint cancer signaling immunotherapy targeted therapy |
| title | Understanding LAG-3 Signaling |
| title_full | Understanding LAG-3 Signaling |
| title_fullStr | Understanding LAG-3 Signaling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding LAG-3 Signaling |
| title_short | Understanding LAG-3 Signaling |
| title_sort | understanding lag 3 signaling |
| topic | LAG-3 immune checkpoint cancer signaling immunotherapy targeted therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5282 |
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